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The Battle of Bull Run, also known as the First Manassas, was the first major battle of the American Civil War, drawing sightseers and intensifying the war's reality. General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson famously earned his nickname as he stood firm against Union troops. Both sides entered the conflict believing in their imminent victory yet faced unique challenges: the South leveraged strong military traditions and local knowledge, while the North had industrial advantages and logistical superiority. This clash set the stage for the long and brutal war ahead.
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“There stands Jackson like a stone wall!” General Thomas Jackson Depiction of Jackson at the battle of Bull Run
Bull Run or Manassas Junction? Northerners named battles by using the names of nearby creeks. Southerners named battles by using the names of nearby towns.
draft The selection of men who must serve in the military
Both sides believed they could win. Confederate Strengths Union Strengths Southerners were more skilled at shooting, hunting, and riding Planned a defensive war (fighting on land you know to save your home) Strong military tradition (7 of 8 military schools in the South) Twice the population of the South (more troops and more money) 80 percent of all factories were in the North Most of the railroads were in the North
The Anaconda Plan • First, Northern ships would cut off, or blockade, Southern seaports. • No help from Europe • Second, the North would take control of the Mississippi River. • Divide the South
total war To wage war on the economic system, as well as the civilians, of the other side