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Understanding Density: Comparing Materials and Their Properties

Density is a fundamental property of substances, defined as the mass of an object divided by its volume. It explains why a golf ball is denser than a ping pong ball, despite their differences in size and shape. Density varies across solids, liquids, and gases and is influenced by factors such as mass and volume. For example, lead is denser than mercury, causing it to float. Additionally, ice is less dense than water, allowing it to float on lakes. This guide explores how to measure density, its significance in various materials, and the factors that affect it.

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Understanding Density: Comparing Materials and Their Properties

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Presentation Transcript

  1. What is DENSITY?? A Golf Ball is MORE DENSE than a Ping Pong Ball What does this mean?

  2. The ______________ of like atoms or molecules More than just the _____________of a substance, density includes _________________ an object takes up!! All substances have density including liquids, solids, and gases Density is the measure of the _______________ of a material

  3. DENSITY • Depends on: • Mass: ______________________ • Volume: ___________________________________ FORMULA: __________________ Mass usually expressed in ________ Volume usually expressed in _____or liters, etc.

  4. What would take up more space??? A kilogram of feathers…..or a kilogram of steel?? OR

  5. “Compactness”

  6. LIQUIDS • The more dissolved solids in a solution, the __________________ (such as ocean water) • Cold water in lakes tend to ______ (this creates a constant mixing of water, nutrients, and other substances) Denser layers to less dense layers…..

  7. What would happen???? • Mercury density = 13600kg/m3 • Lead density = 11340kg/m3

  8. Lead floats on liquid mercury!

  9. Solids Ice vs. water…..

  10. SOLIDS • Ice is _____________ than water (which is why lakes and ponds have a thin layer of ice covering in winter, with water underneath) • Various rocks, woods, metals have a characteristic density specific to that substance Wouldn’t you like to have a bunch of THIS dense material?

  11. Factors affecting Density • ____________________ • _____________________

  12. DETERMINING DENSITY • Regular Shapes – mass, then determine the volume by formula EX: cubes, cylinders, spheres, cones, etc. • Irregular shapes – mass, then measure displacement of a liquid (usually water) by that irregularly shaped object

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