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Medical terminology sanaa abd elhamed

BASIC WORD STRUCTURE. Medical terminology sanaa abd elhamed. OBJECTIVES. At the end of this lecture, you should able to: Define the word parts. Give an example of how the word parts are used. Recognize and use some general nouns, adjectives and plurals used in medical terminology.

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Medical terminology sanaa abd elhamed

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  1. BASIC WORD STRUCTURE Medical terminologysanaaabdelhamed

  2. OBJECTIVES At the end of this lecture, you should able to: • Define the word parts. • Give an example of how the word parts are used. • Recognize and use some general nouns, adjectives and plurals used in medical terminology. • Analyze the word parts in a case study.

  3. The four types of word parts are: • Word root • Suffix • Prefix • Combining vowel

  4. WORD ROOT • The main part or foundation of a word: • Example: cardiac; cardi / ac root (heart)

  5. SUFFIX • Word ending. • Example: cardiac; cardi / ac suffix (pertaining to)

  6. Another example: carditis; card / itis root suffix (heart) (inflammation)

  7. PREFIX • Word beginning. It changes the meaning of the root. • Prefixes, usually; not always, indicate to location, time or number.

  8. Example: pre/natal peri/natal post/natal prefix prefix prefix (before (around) (after) or in front of)

  9. COMBINING VOWEL • A vowel (usually o) linking the root to the suffix or to another root. Example: gastr o enter o logy root root suffix (stomach) (intestine) (study of) combining vowel

  10. The combination of a word root with the combining vowel called COMBINING FORM. • Example: cardiogram; cardi o gram root combining suffix (heart) vowel (record)

  11. COMMONLY USED PREFIXES 1. abnormal (means away from normal). abnormal (adj) Noun is abnormality. Adverb is abnormally.

  12. 2. afebrile (means without fever). a means no or without. 3. anaemia (n) (a-nee-mia) means a condition where the level of haemoglobin and red blood cells is less than normal. The prefix an means no or without. The suffix -emiameans blood condition. Anaemic is adj.

  13. 4. diagnose (v) means identify a patient’s condition or illness by examining the patient and noting symptoms. dia- means through. gnose means knowledge. Diagnosis (n) Diagnostic (adj)

  14. 5. dysuria (n) (dis-yoor-ia) means pain or difficulty in passing urine. dysur ia prefix root suffix (difficult) (urine) (condition)

  15. 6. endoscopy (n) (en-dos-ko-pi) means an examination of the inside of the body using an endoscope. endoscopic (adj) endoscopy prefix suffix (inside) (visual examination)

  16. 7. hypertension (n) (hy- per-ten-shon) means high blood pressure. hypertensive (adj) 8. hypotensive means low blood pressure. hypo is opposite to hyper

  17. 9. intercostal (adj) (inter-kos-t’l) means between the ribs. inter cost al prefix root suffix (between) (ribs) (pertaining to)

  18. 10. intravenous (adj) (intra-vee-nus) means within a vein. intravenously (adverb) intra ven ous prefix root suffix (within) (vein) (pertaining to)

  19. 11. preoperative (adj) (pree- op-er-a-tiv): means before operation. 12. postoperative (adj) means after. 13. subcutaneous (adj) (sub-kew-tay-nius): means under the skin. Opposites super- and supra- means above.

  20. COMMONLY USED SUFFIXES 1. Angiography(n) (an-ji-og-rafi) means an X-ray examination of blood vessels. angi/o means blood vessel. The suffix –graphymeans the process of recording a picture. angiograph (n) or angiogram

  21. 2. angioplasty (n) (an-ji-oh-plas-ti) means a surgical repair of blood vessels. 3. cardiac (adj) (kar-di-ak) means pertaining to the heart. Heart (n).

  22. 4. Cardiology (n) (kar-di-ol-oji) means the study of the structure, function and diseases of the heart. The suffix –logy means study of. cardiological (adj) cardiologist(n) means doctor who specialises in heart diseases.

  23. 5. Gastritis (n) (gas-try-tis) means an inflammation of the stomach. The suffix -itismeans inflammation. 6. Gastroscopy (n) (gas-tros-ko-pi) means a visual examination of the stomach. gastroscopic (adj)

  24. 7. nephrosis (n) (ni-froh-sis) means any disease of the kidney. The suffix –osis means abnormal condition. 8. neural (adj) (newr-al) means pertaining to the nerve.

  25. 9. neuralgia(n) (newr-al-ja) means severe burning or stabbing pain in a nerve. The suffix -algiameans pain. 10. tracheostomy(n) (tray-ki-ost-omi) means surgical operation to make an opening in the trachea. The suffix –stomymeans to create surgically an opening.

  26. 11. gastrectomy (n) (gas-trek-tomi) means surgical removal or excision of the stomach. 12. gastric (adj) (gas-trik) means pertaining to the stomach. Stomach (n)

  27. Prefixes and roots denoting number or size • bi – • dipl/o • hemi- • hyper- • hypo- • iso- • macro- • megal/o • two • two, double • half • over or more than usual • under or less than usual • equal, same • large • enlargement

  28. Prefixes and roots denoting number or size • micro- • mono- • multi- • nulli- • poly- • semi- • tri- • Uni- • small • one • many • none • many • half/partial • three • one

  29. www.inayamedicalcollege.wordpress.comsanaa@inaya.edu.sa

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