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Hominid Evolution

Hominid Evolution. Primate Classification. When did we split from other Primates?. Primates. ~25 million years ago: Old World Monkeys split from Hominoids , a linage that resulted in humans, gorillas and chimps

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Hominid Evolution

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  1. Hominid Evolution Primate Classification

  2. When did we split from other Primates?

  3. Primates • ~25 million years ago: Old World Monkeys split from Hominoids, a linage that resulted in humans, gorillas and chimps • ~17 million years ago: Great apes (Hominidae) including orang-utans, gorillas and humans, branched off from the lesser apes, which includes gibbons • ~10 million years ago: Organ-utans branched off within the Hominidae linage • ~5 million years ago: Hominids, including Homo sapiens, branched off from Chimpanzees

  4. Features Common to All New World Monkeys • Prehensile tail that can be used as a 5th limb • Quadrupedal • Strictly tree dwelling (arboreal) • Widely separated nostrils

  5. Features Common to All Old World Monkeys • Tail is not prehensile • Quadrupedal • Some are ground dwelling • Nostrils are close together and open downwards

  6. Features Common to All Hominoids • No tail • Semi-erect or fully erect posture • Broad chest, pelvis and shoulders • Relatively long arms and mobile shoulder joints • Larger brain

  7. Features Common to All Apes • Some brachiating (swinging underneath from branch to branch) • Some mainly ground dwelling and quadrupedal • Flattened nose • Bony eye ridges

  8. Features of Hominids • Bipedal • Large forebrain (cerebral cortex) • Reduced teeth in general, particularly canines • Possessed to varying degrees • Nose and chin are prominent • Reduced eye ridges • Highly sensitive skin* • Body hair very reduced to assist cooling * • Complex social behaviour * Assumed

  9. GAME: Name That Primate Group • Name the primate group that the organism pictured belongs to • New World Monkeys • Old World Monkeys • Apes • Hominids • Give one example of a feature of this group

  10. Apes

  11. New World Monkey

  12. Old World Monkey

  13. Apes

  14. Old World Monkey

  15. New World Monkey

  16. Apes

  17. Hominid

  18. Old World Monkey

  19. Apes & Hominids

  20. Summary

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