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Cellular Respiration

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  1. Cellular Respiration • Respiration is the process of breaking down food molecules to release energy. • What is an aerobic process? • Requires oxygen in order to release energy • What is an anaerobic or fermentation process? • Doesn’t require oxygen to take place • Glycolysis is the first stage in respiration • 1 molecule of glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid.

  2. Fermentation Process • Fermentation is carried out by releasing energy without oxygen. • 1. Lactic acid fermentation • Lactic acid forms • Done when your muscles require more energy than you can produce. Muscle soreness. • 2. Alcoholic fermentation • Forms ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide • The process is done by bacteria, fungi, and yeast. Examples???

  3. Aerobic respiration produces 38 or 36 ATP molecules. • Anaerobic respiration produces only 2 ATP molecules. • Aerobic respiration is much more efficient in producing energy. This is with oxygen.

  4. Basics of Anaerobic Pathways • Pg. 128 (fig. 7-2) – Occurs in the cytosol. • Glucose to 2 molecules of Pyruvic Acid by Glycolysis (4 steps). • 2 ATP used to get 4 ATP when pyruvic acid is formed. This makes a net total of 2 ATP in return. • From here the pyruvic acid can be converted to lactic acid by an enzyme if no oxygen is provided. • Lactic Acid Fermentation • Also, pyruvic acid can be converted to ethyl alcohol if no oxygen is provided. • Alcoholic Fermentation

  5. Basics of Aerobic Pathways • First, Glucose to 2 molecules of Pyruvic Acid by Glycolysis (4 steps). Next is the Krebs Cycle. • Pg. 135  Krebs Cycle (5 steps) – occurs in the mitochondria. • Finally, the Electron Transport Chain, which makes ATP from the NADH & FADH2 of the Krebs Cycle. • Pg. 136 & 137 • 38 ATP are produced, counting the 2 ATP from glycolysis. • Video – cellular respiration

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