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Techniques for Accessible, Closed Captioned Web-Based Video

This paper discusses effective methods for embedding accessible and closed-captioned videos on web platforms. It highlights various techniques using HTML tags like `` and ``, along with considerations for browsers and media players such as QuickTime and Flash. The authors address common embedding issues and provide solutions for ensuring compatibility across different systems. A focus on graceful failure methods is emphasized to enhance user experience for individuals with disabilities. This work was presented at the 10th Annual Accessing Higher Ground Conference in 2007.

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Techniques for Accessible, Closed Captioned Web-Based Video

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  1. Concepts & Techniques for Accessible, Closed Captioned Web-Based Video David Klein K. “Fritz” Thompson 10th Annual Accessing Higher Ground:Accessible Media, Web and Technology Conference Boulder, Colorado November 7, 2007 http://disability.law.uiowa.edu/lhpdc/publications/kleinpubs.html

  2. Embedding Videos into HTML • Media Player and RealPlayer better external, not embedded • QuickTime & Flash generally better embedded • Internet Explorer generally better with Flash • Controversy in use of <OBJECT> and <EMBED> tags

  3. Conventional Embedding • <OBJECT> • Object parameters • File location • <EMBED> • Embed parameters • File location • </EMBED> • </OBJECT>

  4. Embedding QuickTime <object classid="clsid:02BF25D5-8C17-4B23-BC80-D3488ABDDC6B" width="260" height="316" codebase="http://www.apple.com/qtactivex/qtplugin.cab"> <param name="src" value="http://www.yourdomain.com/video_smil.mov" /> <embed src="http://www.yourdomain.com/video_smil.mov" width="260" height="316" pluginspage="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/"> </embed> </object>

  5. Embedding Flash Video Player <object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" codebase="http://fpdownload.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=7,0,0,0" width="340" height="440" id="video"> <param name="movie" value=" http://www.yourdomain.com/video.swf" /> <param name="quality" value="high" /> <param name="base" value="." /> <embed src=" http://www.yourdomain.com/video.swf" quality="high" width="340" height="440" name="video" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" base="." pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" /> </object>

  6. Embedding Issues • <EMBED> • Not a standard • Doesn’t validate for XHTML • <OBJECT> tag not supported the same on all browsers • Player versioning • Downloading / upgrading versions a major pain • Frequently a showstopper for many users • Earlier required versions may show garbage (or blank space) instead of error message

  7. Flash Embedding Alternatives • Object Only method • Validates for XHTML • Tricks browsers into correctly displaying content • Uses graceful failure rule • When one OBJECT tag doesn’t work, it’s ignored • Moves to the next OBJECT tag

  8. OBJECT Only Method <object classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://fpdownload.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=7,0,0,0" width="340" height="440">      <param name="src" value="ahg2007.swf" />   <param name="quality" value="high" />   <param name="bgcolor" value="#FFFFFF" />   <param name="base" value="." /> <object type="application/x-shockwave-flash" data="ahg2007.swf" width="340" height="440">       <param name="quality" value="high" />      <param name="bgcolor" value="#FFFFFF" />      <param name="base" value="." /> </object> </object>

  9. Flash Embedding Alternatives • Flash Object method (uses JavaScript) to determine versions and handle errors gracefully • Avoid unacceptable use of <OBJECT> or <EMBED> tags • Uses alternative text as a default when all else fails • http://blog.deconcept.com/flashobject/ • Works in Internet Explorer to avoid double click interaction

  10. Contact • Law, Health Policy & Disability Center • http://disability.law.uiowa.edu/ • LHPDC Bulletin Board (download Flash playback engine) • http://disability2.law.uiowa.edu/dbtac David Klein 280-1 Boyd Law Bldg. College of Law University of Iowa Iowa City, IA 52242 319-335-6748 david-klein@uiowa.edu K. “Fritz” Thompson 280-1 Boyd Law Bldg. College of Law University of Iowa Iowa City, IA 52242 319-335-6748 kenneth-d-thompson@uiowa.edu

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