HUMAN DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTIVITY AND EMPLOYMENT

1. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTIVITY AND EMPLOYMENT

2. OUTLINE • Introduction • Summary of issues • What is working • Looking ahead: Focus on outcomes • What makes progress achievable • Creating circumstances for change

3. INTRODUCTION • Well educated, skilled and healthy population essential for any strategy of national development • In Ghana this should occur within a decentralised system of planning and implementation • Specifically in the area of human resources, critical issues revolve around their development, deployment and management • Thematic area includes: education, human resource development, productivity & employment, health promotion including HIV, AIDS and STDS, population management including migration, youth and sports development , poverty reduction and social protection INTRODUCTION

4. SUMMARY OF ISSUES - I • SUMMARY OF ISSUES - I • Education: Uneven access and gender disparity at all levels; Poor quality of teaching and learning; Governance and management constraints • Human resource development, productivity and employment: inadequate employment opportunities, low productivity, inadequate labour market information system, occupational health and safety issues • Health:child and maternal survival, sustainable financing arrangements, maldistribution of health sector workers; Stigma and discrimination associated with HIV and AIDS

5. SUMMARY OF ISSUES - II • Population management: reprioritising family planning, inadequate database for planning, and optimising impact of migration • Youth and Sports development: weak institutional framework, under-mobilisaion and utilisation of youth talent; sports policy, infrastructure and management • Poverty reduction: spatial, gender and income inequalities • Social policy: framework, equity, social protection, the care economy and common targeting mechanism

6. GEOGRAPHICAL DISPARITIES Primary completion rates

7. POVERTY MATTERS! Source: GDHS 2003, 2008

8. GENDER INEQUALITY

9. HUMAN RESOURCE ISSUES Cf. Ratios of trained health personnel/population

10. WHAT IS WORKING - I Education: Ghana is on track to meet MDG 2. (See map) Health: steady progress on MDG 4 on child survival and MDG 6 on HIV and AIDS, Malaria and TB; NHIS Human resource development, Employment and Productivity: draft policies in HR and Employment, NYEP; establishment of Fair Wages and Salaries, Labour Commissions; Social Dialogue mechanism

11. WHAT IS WORKING - II • Population management: Integration of population variables in development planning processes; declining fertility rate • Poverty reduction: Ghana has met MDG 1 on halving poverty • Social policy: draft Social Protection Strategy, LEAP, Capitation grant, school feeding

12. Looking ahead …..

13. Focus on outcomes in education • Equity in access • Complementary basic education • Construction of classrooms, water and sanitation facilities • Mix of incentives for teachers in rural areas • Common targeting mechanism • Gender equality • Girls scholarships and work with the Girls’ Education Unit • Counselling and guidance at school level • Child and girl friendly school standards • Quality • Implement teacher professional development policy • Improve the deployment and % trained teachers • Provision of textbooks and alternative learning materials • School report cards to increase accountability

14. Productivity and employment • Human resource • Labour market information system • National HR development plan • Smart Use of incentives • Productivity • Establish mechanisms to enhance job security • National productivity measurement framework • Adopt national income policy • Employment • Adopt national employment policy • Address occupational health and safety • Promote decent work in the informal economy

15. Outcomes in social policy • Establish framework and strengthen systems • Expansion of adequate social security and disability provision • Mainstream and finance child rights issues • Updating the national social protection strategy • Progress the common targeting mechanism aimed at linking poverty reduction programmes • Evidence based • Strengthening the evidence base by emphasising M&E functions and products • Strengthening national ownership of the national social policy by:i) high level cross- Ministerial parliamentary forums • ii) Regional, district and community level engagement • iii) Building GoG/civil society /DPs dialogue

16. Focus on outcomes in health • Priorities • Improved access to quality health services for all Ghanaians • Measurable progress in reducing child and maternal mortality • Joint Strategies and Actions • Strengthening health systems • Improving the national-level health sector partnership • Joint action plan on maternal and child health • Continued involvement by non-resident partners e.g. The Global Fund and GAVI • Implementing the Sector Medium Term Development Plan • Improving intra-sectoral collaboration

17. Creating the circumstances for change • How do we reform? • Wage bill • Unit costs • Human resources • Address Migration • Targeting • Inclusive strategies Policy level intervention Institutional level intervention Improved situation (results) Human level intervention

18. What makes progress achievable? • Significant financial investment from the government 31% education, 17% health • Retention of adequate skilled staff motivated to adopt professional development policies for careers • Strengthened role for Parliament, MMDAs and CSOs to ensure greater accountability • Improvements in data collection and monitoring • Enhance the quality of dialogue between DPs and the Government through sector working groups • Incorporating evidence in policy and programming