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Qualitative Interviewing

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Qualitative interviewing for in-depth understanding of participants' perceptions and meanings, various interview protocols and types of questions, with guidance on rapport building and execution. Genres include ethnographic, depth, group, narrative, and postmodern interviews.

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Qualitative Interviewing

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  1. Qualitative Interviewing

  2. Research Purposes • To access a phenomenon that cannot be directly observed • To access in-depth thoughts and feelings about a phenomenon • To understand the participants’ meaning of a phenomenon • To identify participants’ language use • To triangulate other sources of data • To understand the participant’s code of communication

  3. Types of Interview Protocols • Structured interviews (Chapter 8) are not generally used in qualitative interviewing) • Semi-structured interviews are sets of questions used to guide the interview • The questions may be rephrased. • The order of the questions is not fixed. • Unstructured interviews are guided by a set of topics for discussion (e.g. “talking points), but questions are often freely created during the actual interview.

  4. Types of Questions(Spradley, 1979, p.60) • Descriptive Questions • Grand-tour questions and Mini-tour questions • Experience questions • Natural language questions • Structural Questions • Verification questions • Cover-term questions • Included Term questions • Substitution-frame questions • Card-sorting structural questions • Contrast Questions • Contrast Verification questions • Directed contrast questions • Rating questions • Dyadic contrast questions and triadic contrast questions • Contrast set sorting question • Twenty-questions game

  5. Executing the Interview • Interviewers should remember that rapport is a relational quality jointly established between the interviewer and interviewee throughout the interview. • Informants should be allowed to use their own words and speak at their own pace. • Interviewers should probe for more information. • Use transitions to make connections between parts of the interview. • Interviewers should paraphrase often to check for understanding. • Interviewers should demonstrate supportiveness. • Interviewers must remain flexible and adaptive.

  6. Genres of Qualitative Interviewing • The Ethnographic Conversation • The Depth Interview • The Group or Focus Interview • The Narrative Interview • The Postmodern Interview

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