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America Mobilizes For War

America Mobilizes For War. The Attack on Pearl Harbor. December 7, 1941  Japan attacks the U.S. naval base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. 2, 403 Americans killed 1, 178 American wounded 21 ships sunk/damaged 300 aircraft damaged/destroyed.

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America Mobilizes For War

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  1. America Mobilizes For War

  2. The Attack on Pearl Harbor • December 7, 1941 Japan attacks the U.S. naval base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii • 2, 403 Americans killed • 1, 178 American wounded • 21 ships sunk/damaged • 300 aircraft damaged/destroyed

  3. On December 8, 1941 delivers a speech to a joint-session of Congress asking for a declaration of war Audio Clip http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrpearlharbor.htm

  4. - Japan hoped to show Japanese Power and Strike fear into America • What they got: “Patriotism” • Battle cry “Remember Pearl Harbor” • Million Americans join military

  5. - 5 million Americans volunteer • Selective Service System • (draft)provide 10 million men - Segregated units for minority groups - Noncombat role until April 1943

  6. - Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps(WAAC): created to allow women volunteers to serve in noncombat positions (Established in May, 1942) - Women served as nurses, ambulance drivers, radio operators, electricians, and pilots (noncombat jobs)

  7. War Effort on the Home Front - Americans go to work for the war effort (war industries) - Factories turn to war production * Automobile plants convert to produce tanks, planes, boats, and military vehicles - Shipyards and defense plants convert to meet wartime needs

  8. - Women work in “war industries” * “Rosie the Riveter”= term given to women employed in war industries * earned 60% of male salary You Tube Cliphttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9GarCzR_6Ng

  9. - 2 million minority workers *racial discrimination leads to labor leader A. Philip Randolph to convince FDR to allow full equality in war industries

  10. Mobilization of Scientists - Office of Scientific Research &Development (OSRD) est. in 1941 Goal: bring scientists into war effort Projects: 1. radar & sonar 2. pesticides 3. penicillin 4. atomic bomb - 1939 German scientists split atom - 1941 committee studies making bomb (3-5 years) - 1942 Manhattan Project= program for scientists to create the atomic bomb You Tube Clip  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MhSKqzwwypQ

  11. Federal Govt. and Industry Economic Controls: attempt by govt. to control rapid inflation and rising prices for products War Bonds: issued by the Dept of the Treasuryto raise money for the war effort & fight inflation Office of Price Administration (OPA): froze wages, prices on goods, & rent War Production Board (WPB): decided which companies to convert to war effort & allocated raw materials for war effort

  12. The Home Front Rationing: system est. by OPA which stated how much military essential goods each individual household can buy Examples: meat, shoes, sugar, coffee, and gasoline http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pWlIfH8SR50 You Tube Clip  Victory Gardens: encouraged by the OPA so that food • can go directly to military efforts

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