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Chapter 11

Chapter 11. Section 4 wave interactions. Objectives. Apply the superposition principle. Differentiate between constructive and destructive interference. Predict when a reflected wave will be inverted. Predict whether specific traveling waves will produce a standing wave.

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Chapter 11

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  1. Chapter 11 Section 4 wave interactions

  2. Objectives • Apply the superposition principle. • Differentiate between constructive and destructive interference. • Predict when a reflected wave will be inverted. • Predict whether specific traveling waves will produce a standing wave. • Identify nodes and antinodes of a stand

  3. Wave Interference • When two bumper boats collide , each bounces back in another direction. • Two different material objects can never occupy the same space at the same time. • So they are force to change direction.

  4. Waves interference • When two waves come together , they do not bounce back as bumper boats do. • If you listen carefully at a concert, you can distinguish the sound of different instruments. • For example trumpets sound different from flutes. • The sound waves are unaffected by the other waves that are passing through the same space at the same time . • Because mechanical waves are not matter but rather are displacements of matter, two waves can occupy the same space at the same time. • The combination of two overlapping waves is called superposition.

  5. Types of waves interference • Inconstructive interference, is a superposition of two or more waves in which individual displacements on the same side of the equilibrium position are added together to form the resultant wave.

  6. Types of wave interference • In destructive interference, individual displacements on opposite sides of the equilibrium position are added together to form the resultant wave.

  7. Complete Destructive interference • That is when the resultant displacement at each point of the string is zero, so the two pulses cancel one another.

  8. Reflection • What happens to the motion of a wave when it reaches a boundary? • At a free boundary, waves are reflected. • At a fixed boundary, waves are reflectedand inverted.

  9. Standing waves • A standing wave is a wave pattern that results when two waves of the same frequency, wavelength, and amplitude travel in opposite directions and interfere. • Standing waves have nodes and antinodes. • A node is a point in a standing wave that maintains zero displacement. • An antinode is a point in a standing wave, halfway between two nodes, at which the largest displacement occurs.

  10. Standing waves • Only certain wavelengths produce standing wave patterns. • The ends of the string must be nodes because these points cannot vibrate. • A standing wave can be produced for any wavelength that allows both ends to be nodes. • In the diagram, possible wavelengths include 2L (b),L (c), and 2/3L (d).

  11. Standing waves

  12. videos • Properties of waves • http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/FA748701-8BD2-4AC8-90D5-ABBED4C8A4E9 • Wave interference video • http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/B920C70B-7C2A-46BC-A9AD-3019D95C98DC • Nature of waves video • http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/0A54BB7F-7C30-45EA-BA06-695A28B9F8CD

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