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Animal Classification, Phylogeny and Organization

Animal Classification, Phylogeny and Organization. Chapter 7. Why do we need Nomenclature?. Taxons. Domain – Eubacteria, Archaea and Eukarya Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species. Question?. How is DNA evidence of common ancestry?. VGT vs HGT.

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Animal Classification, Phylogeny and Organization

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  1. Animal Classification, Phylogeny and Organization Chapter 7

  2. Why do we need Nomenclature?

  3. Taxons • Domain – Eubacteria, Archaea and Eukarya • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species

  4. Question? • How is DNA evidence of common ancestry?

  5. VGT vs HGT • Vertical Gene Transfer – genes transfer from parent to offspring • Horizontal Gene Transfer – genes transfer from one species to another • Base of the tree of life is a net

  6. Animal Systematics • Arranging animals into groups to show evolutionary relationships

  7. Vocabulary

  8. Phylogeny

  9. Body Symmetry • What sort of symmetry do humans have? • Asymmetry • Bilateral symmetry • Radial symmetry • Cephalization • How did evolution play a part in this?

  10. Patterns of Development • Major stages: fertilization, cleavage, gastrulation, organogenesis • Master control genes: Hox , Pax

  11. Cleavage • An embryonic stage that follows fertilization • Characterized by rapid cell division • Ends when cells form a hollow ball called a blastula

  12. Gastrulation • Embryonic stage that follows cleavage and blastula formation • Cell movement generates additional inner layers

  13. Differentiation • After gastrulation, development begins to differentiate, depending on the organism

  14. Vocabulary • Ectoderm – gives rise to the epidermis • Endoderm – gives rise to the tissue that lines the gut cavity • Mesoderm – gives rise to supportive (bone), contractile (muscle) and blood cells • Coelom – gives rise to viscera

  15. Protostomes vs Deuterostomes

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