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Five Minute Writing Assignment

Five Minute Writing Assignment. What type of government controlled Ancient Egypt? Why? Theocracy. Five Minute Writing Assignment. What types of items and supplies were traded in Ancient Egypt?.

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Five Minute Writing Assignment

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  1. Five Minute Writing Assignment • What type of government controlled Ancient Egypt? Why? • Theocracy

  2. Five Minute Writing Assignment • What types of items and supplies were traded in Ancient Egypt?

  3. Five Minute Writing Assignment List five characteristics of Mesopotamian civilization and list five characteristics of Egyptian civilization. Mesopotamia Egypt River (flooding/silt) Delta area Theocracy Pyramids Mummification Hieroglyphics papyrus • River (flooding/silt) • City-state • Dynasty • Polytheism • Ziggurats • Code of laws • Epic of Gilgamesh

  4. Egypt (Still Unit 2) .

  5. Egypt & The Nile • Originally called Kemet, after the black soil that was located there. • Later named Egypt by Greeks

  6. Egypt Unites • In the beginning, Egypt was separated into two kingdoms: • 1. Lower Egypt • 2. Upper Egypt

  7. Early Peoples • As early as 5000 years ago man began to settle in the Nile valley. • Leaders united these early peoples into kingdoms. • By 4000 BCE two main kingdoms dominated. • Upper- southern Egypt • Lower- northern Egypt

  8. Lower Egypt Upper Egypt

  9. King Menes (Namer) • Established a capital, Memphis • Established first Egyptian Dynasty • Unites Upper and Lower Egypt

  10. United Kingdom United lower and upper Egypt and wore a crown that symbolized its united kingdom

  11. Pharaohs • Egyptian kings = pharaohs • The Egyptians viewed their pharaohs the same as the gods • KINGS WERE GODS • Stood as center of religion as well as government and army • Type of Government = Theocracy

  12. The Old Kingdom 2700-2200 BCE • Governed by a theocracy: government & religion ruled by same group or person. • Pharaoh: religious and govt. leader of Ancient Egypt. • Delegated many responsibilities to bureaucracy.

  13. Middle Kingdom: HyksosRule • 1700BCE Local leaders began to challenge the rule of the Thebans • Hyksos, a people from western Asia swept into Egypt • Bronze Weapons • Horse Drawn Chariots • Hyksos rule Egypt for 110 years

  14. Rule of Ahmose • 1600BCE Ahmose gathers forces and drives out the Hyksos • This Begins the New Kingdom • Extends empire to the East and North

  15. Rebuilding Egypt • First Ahmose then Hatshepsut are dedicated to restoring the glory of Egypt. • 1480 BCE Hatshepsut comes to power, rules over Egypt as Pharaoh • Builds up city of Thebes. With obelisks and statues

  16. Ramses II & Decline • Rules Egypt for 67 years • Believed to be the Biblical Pharaoh that tormented Moses • After his death in 1237 BCE Egypt begins a decline • In 945 BCE Lybians and Kushites take control of Nile Valley

  17. Trade • By 3200 BC, Egyptians were trading with the Mesopotamians • Also traded up and down the Nile • Gold • Ivory • Cattle • Granite blocks

  18. Religion • Polytheistic (?) • 2,000 gods and goddesses • Built huge temples to honor gods • Believed in afterlife • Osiris – god of the dead

  19. Social • Very different from Mesopotamia • Egypt’s united kingdom allowed • High degree of unity • Stability • Cultural continuity(common traditions/customs)

  20. Life in Egyptian Society Pharaoh Royal Advisor Priests Traders/Merchants Ordinary Citizens Slaves

  21. Intellectual • Developed writing = hieroglyphics • Developed written numbers for recording taxes • Addition, subtraction

  22. Achievements • Knowledge in math = skillful engineers • Pyramids • Palaces • Egyptian Architects first to use stone columns in homes, palaces and temples • 12 month, 365 day calendar from studying the stars • So accurate it was only 6 hours off from today’s calendar year

  23. Egyptian Math & Draftsmenship What number is this?

  24. Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic symbols

  25. Preparations for the Underworld ANUBIS weighs the dead person’s heart against a feather. Priests protected your KA, or soul-spirit

  26. Preparation for the Afterlife

  27. Egyptian Mummies Ramses II1279-1212 B. C. E. Seti I1291-1278 B. C. E. Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II1210-1200 B. C. E.

  28. Plan of the Great Pyramids

  29. Geography • Nile River – 4,100 miles long, flows northward • Every year in July the river floodedREGULARLY leaving behind rich soil. • The Nile is the longest river in the world! • Before emptying, marshy Nile Delta begins. • In springtime the Nile floods & deposits fertile silt.

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