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3.02B Authoring Languages

3.02B Authoring Languages. 3.02 Develop webpages. Authoring Languages. Used to control the appearance and functionality of webpages when displayed in a browser Examples include: HTML (HyperText Markup Language) XML (eXtensible Markup Language) XHTML (eXtensible HTML).

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3.02B Authoring Languages

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  1. 3.02B Authoring Languages 3.02 Develop webpages.

  2. Authoring Languages • Used to control the appearance and functionality of webpages when displayed in a browser • Examples include: • HTML (HyperText Markup Language) • XML (eXtensible Markup Language) • XHTML (eXtensible HTML)

  3. HyperText Markup Language First and still primary language for developing webpages/sites. Uses codes, or tags, to instruct the browser how to display text and images. Is platform independent. Example of HTML code <html> <title>Student Website</title> <b>Welcome to my website!</b> </html> HTML

  4. eXtensible Markup Language Describes data types to facilitate data processing Designed to carry data, not to display it Allows the author to define tags to identify each data entry so that the data can be easily imported into other applications Metadata—data about data Example of XML code <weather> <city>Atlanta</city> <state>Georgia</state> <temp>75</temp> </weather> XML

  5. XHTML eXtensible HyperText Markup Language • Combination of HTML and XML • Allows the designer to mix HTML and XML so that browsers can display and manage data correctly • Originally intended to replace HTML as dominant authoring language • Places restrictions on HTML tags so that code is cleaner and can display data as the author intended • Requires all HTML tag sets be closed • Requires lowercase tags • Many devices can’t interpret bad HTML code (mobile phones, PDAs)

  6. Notes • The problem was that different browsers began to add HTML tags that only their browser would support. • For example, Netscape’s browser would recognize the <blink> tag which would make text blink. • Microsoft’s browser (Internet Explorer) did not recognize this tag. • Soon, web developers found themselves faced with having to learn which tags would work in which browsers and design their websites with these compatibility issues in mind. • This is why the W3C stepped in and began creating standards for web development. • They wanted to create guidelines for developing web pages so that pages would display the same in all browsers.

  7. Notes • XHTML was intended to separate the data (information) from the formatting (styles). • Several tags that were used to format text were deprecated (recommended for deletion from future coding languages) in favor of using style sheets to perform the formatting. • Even though the upcoming recommendation from the W3C will be HTML 5, it will still follow many of the coding guidelines used in writing XHTML.

  8. Style Sheets • Describe how browsers should present or display information on a webpage. • Give web developers more control over layout and page formatting. • Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a popular style sheet language.

  9. Cascading Style Sheets Separates content from appearance and gives web authors more control over layout and page format CSS code instructs the Web browser how to format each item. <html> <head> <style type="text/css"> h1 {color: #00ff00} h2 {color: #dda0dd} p {color: rgb(0,0,255)} </style> </head> <body> <h1>This is header 1</h1> <h2>This is header 2</h2> <p>This is a paragraph</p> </body> </html> CSS

  10. Advantages One style sheet can control the formatting for multiple webpages. An entire website can be reformatted by editing one CSS file. Styles can also be set internally. The CSS code is keyed in the header section of the html document. Disadvantages May alter the ability of some devices to accurately read and display information. Pros and Cons of CSS

  11. Text Editors • Allow developers to write code in plain text. • Examples: • Notepad • Notepad2 • Wordpad • Microsoft Word should not be used to create webpages.

  12. HTML – the first and still primary language for creating web pages/sites. Uses codes, or tags, to instruct the browser how to display text and images. • XML - Describes data types to facilitate data processing. Designed to carry data, not display it. Allows the author to define tags to identify each data entry so that the data can be easily imported into other applications. Contains metadata—data about data Authoring Languages - JOURNAL ENTRY

  13. XHTML – Combination of HTML and XML. Originally intended to replace HTML. Places restrictions on HTML tags so code is cleaner and the page will display as the author intended. Developed because many devices cannot interpret bad HTML code. (cell phones, pdas, etc) Authoring Languages - JOURNAL ENTRY

  14. Style Sheets – Describe how browsers should present or display information on a web page. • Give web developers more control over layout and page formatting. • Advantages • One style sheet can control the formatting for multiple web pages. • An entire website can be reformatted by editing one file. • Disadvantages • Some devices may not be able to read and display information correctly. Style Sheets - JOURNAL ENTRY

  15. Text Editors– Text Editors – allow developers to write code in plain text. • Examples: • Notepad, • Notepad2, • WordPad Text Editors- JOURNAL ENTRY

  16. Complete @ www.quia.com • Remember! If you do not like your score, you may come to PAWs/Learning Center and retake the quiz. 3.02 Authoring Languages Activity

  17. Handout available • Class Assignment • Must visit websites 3.02 Text Editors & Style Sheets Activity

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