1. Paper Task Force White Paper No. 10A Environmental Comparison: Manufacturing Technologies for Virgin and Recycled-Content Printing and Writing Paper Prepared by: Trevor Treasure

2. What are the White Papers? • Extensive research to support Paper Task Force’s (PTF) recommendations • How to purchase “environmentally preferable paper”

3. Focus • Energy consumption and carbon foot print analysis • Compare different manufacturing techniques • Virgin production • Recycled • Specifically  COPY PAPER

4. Findings • Comparison between uncoated free sheet containing varying amounts of deinked recovered fiber pulp (DIP) • 0% DIP • 20% DIP • 100% DIP

5. Energy Consumed (MMBTU/ADT) • The ~24 MMBTU not purchased by the Kraft mill is produced in a black liquor recovery boiler. This may be viewed as carbon neutral energy.

6. CO2 Emissions • Depends on total energy consumed and fuel mixture • White Paper 10 relies on 1992 industry average fuel mixture

7. CO2 Emissions • On average, fossil fuel based CO2 emissions from bleached kraft pulp mills lower than DIP • Kraft mills use large quantities of wood-waste fuel • CO2 sequestration by young trees balances CO2 emissions from wood-waste power* * 1992-1995 sequestration rate

8. Sludge  Landfill  Air Emissions • DIP manufacturing produces twice as much wastewater sludge compared to kraft pulp • Sludge is land filled, breaks down, and results in emissions of CO2 and methane