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Arts in the Industrial Age. Chapter 6 Section 4. Romanticism. From about 1750 to 1850, a cultural movement called romanticism emerged in Western art and literature Remember how the Enlightenment period was about using natural laws to understand social, political, and economic problems?
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Arts in the Industrial Age Chapter 6 Section 4
Romanticism • From about 1750 to 1850, a cultural movement called romanticism emerged in Western art and literature • Remember how the Enlightenment period was about using natural laws to understand social, political, and economic problems? • The romantic movement was a reaction against the rational thought of the Enlightenment period • Romanticism emphasized imagination, freedom, and emotion – not natural laws • In contrast to Enlightenment literature, the works of romantic writers included direct language, intense feelings, and a love of nature
Romantic Poets • William Wordsworth, William Blake, and Lord Byron were among the major figures of the romantic movement
Romantic Novelists • Romantic novelists, such as Victor Hugo, were inspired by history, legend, and folklore • Hugo re-created France’s past in novels like The Three Musketeers and The Hunchback of Notre Dame
Romantic Composers • Romantic composers also tried to stir deep emotions • The passionate music of Ludwig van Beethoven combined classical forms with a stirring range of sound • He was the first composer to take full advantage of the broad range of instruments in the modern orchestra • Frederic Chopin used Polish peasant dances to convey the sorrows and joys of people living under foreign occupation Ludwig van Beethoven
Beethoven’s Fifth and Ninth Symphony • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_4IRMYuE1hI&feature=fvwrel • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_-mvutiDRvQ • Please listen to these symphonies (Fifth and Ninth)
Romanticism in Art • Painters, too, broke free from the formal styles of the Enlightenment • They sought to capture the beauty and power of nature with bold brush strokes and colors • J.M.W Turner often sought to capture the beatuy and power of nature often showing tiny human figures struggling against sea and storm • Romantic painted many subjects, from simple peasant life to medieval knights to current events • Bright colors conveyed violent energy and emotion
Eugene Delacroix • Painted his canvasses with drama • Delacroix is famous for Liberty Leading the People as the Goddess of Liberty carries the revolutionary tricolor of the French Revolutionaries
Realism • By the mid-1800s, another new artistic movement, realism, took hold in the West • Realism was an artistic style that tried to accurately represent the world – make it as real-looking as possible • Realists sought to represent the world as it was, without romantic sentiment (no imagination, no emotion, etc.) • Realism made people aware of the grim conditions of the Industrial Age • Many realists wanted to convey a message – to improve the lives of those they depicted in their paintings
Realism in Literature • Charles Dickens is known for his detailed portrayals of slum life and colorful characters • Some of his novels shocked middle-class readers with images of poverty, mistreatment of children, and urban crime (e.g., Oliver Twist, A Tale of Two Cities)
French Novelists • Depicted the evils of the time period • Victor Hugo wrote realist novels including Les Miserables which showed how hunger drove a man to crime and how the law pursued him • Emile Zola wrote Germinal in which she exposed class warfare in the French mining industry • Norwegian Henrik Ibsen wrote A Doll’s House which showed a woman caught in a straitjacket of social rules • Ibsen also authored An Enemy of the People in which a doctor discovers that the water in a local spa is contaminated • Ibsen and Zola were two leading realists of their time
Realism in Art • Painters such as Gustave Courbert also portrayed the realities of the time • Romantic painters, like Courbert, often painted working-class men and women • Realist painters rejected the romantic emphasis on imagination, freedom, and emotion • They simply painted the realities of their time
Photography • Photography emerged as new art form in 1840s • Louis Daguerre was a pioneer in the field of photography • Some artists questioned the effectiveness of realism when a camera could make such exact images
Impressionism • By the 1870s, a new art movement, impressionism, took root in Paris, France. • Impressionists tried to capture the human eye’s first perception, or impression, of a scene • Claude Monet and Edgar Degas, sought to capture the first fleeting impression made by a scene or object on the viewer’s eye • By concentrating on visual impressions, rather than realism, artists created a fresh view of familiar subjects
Post-Impressionisism • Later painters, called post-impressionists, developed a variety of styles • Vincent van Gogh (Dutch) (post-impressionist), for example, experimented with sharp brush lines and bold colors • Van Gogh did a self-portrait that shows his bandaged ear which he cut off himself in a state of depression (eerie, huh?)
Powerpoint Questions (10 points) 1. Which art form sought to capture the first fleeting impression made by a scene or object on the viewer’s eye? 2. Who was considered a pioneer in the field of photography? 3. Which artistic style emphasized imagination, freedom, and emotion? 4. Which artistic form would have portrayed the harsh lives of slum dwellers? a. realism, b. impressionism, c. romanticism 5. Which author was known for his colorful portrayals of slum life?
Powerpoint Questions 6. Which Dutch painter was known for his bold colors? 7. Which Romantic composer combined classical forms with a stirring, emotional range of sound? 8. Which Romantic author wrote The Three Musketeers and The Huntchback of Notre Dame? 9. Where did impressionism first take root? 10. Vincent Van Gogh, who cut off his ear, was an example of which artistic movement?
