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Brain Organization: Subcortical and Limbic Structures

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Explore subcortical brain regions like Medulla, Cerebellum, Hypothalamus, and Limbic System components such as Amygdala and Hippocampus. Learn about neural transmission and brain function categories.

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Brain Organization: Subcortical and Limbic Structures

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  1. Sub cortical Brain Structures Sub cortical - underneath the cortex

  2. Organization of the Brain

  3. Organization of Hindbrain

  4. The Parts of the Hindbrain • Medulla- • Regulates unconscious functions • Involuntary breathing, heart rate & blood pressure

  5. Cerebellum • Small protrusion above medulla • Function- Coordinates the smooth movement of fine muscles and balance • Cat Love

  6. Teen Brain-Cerebellum (You don’t understand 6min) http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/video/flv/generic.html?s=frol02p392&continuous=1

  7. Organization of Forebrain( also cerebrum i.e. lobes)

  8. Hypothalamus • Nuclei involved in a variety of behaviors • sexual behavior • hunger, thirst • Sleep • body temperature regulation

  9. Thalamus • Thalamus directs sensory information from the touch receptors to the cerebrum. • Exception is smell • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QWil81gl50I&safe=active ( 1:00 min)

  10. Organization of Limbic System

  11. Amygdala • Inputs come from all senses • Amygdala ‘reads’ emotional significance of inputs • Output influences such functions as heart rate, adrenaline release

  12. Amygdala and Emotion Amygdala interprets facial expression Aggression in Monkeys & Cats (Anderson,2000)

  13. Amygdala in teens Frontline Teen Brain http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/video/flv/generic.html?s=frol02sfabq392&continuous=1

  14. Hippocampus • Important in forming new memories • Case of Jeremy • You tube Olive Wearing • ( no short term)

  15. Brain Review • Which chemicals pass across the synaptic gap and increase the potential the next neuron will fire? • A. Synaptic terminals • B. Inhibitory NTS • C. Excitatory NTs • D. Potassium & Sodium

  16. The three main categories that organize the entire brain are the • A. old brain, new brain and cerbral cortex • B. Lower , Middle & Upper Brain • C. Hindbrain, Midbrain & Forebrain • D. Neurons, Synapse & Cerebral Cortex

  17. Which sentence best describes Neural transmission? • A. An action potential is created in the neuron, the charge travel down the axon, and chemicals are releases the cross the synapse. • B. Neurotransmission is an electrochemical process both inside and outside the cell. • C. NTs in hindbrain are transmitted to forebrain, causing an axon potential in cortex

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