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The Atmosphere

The Atmosphere. Alvaro Sevilla. Composition of the Atmosphere. Layers of the Atmosphere. Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere. Troposphere. First layer Contains half of the Earth’s atmosphere Weather occurs in it 15 km above Earth’s surface

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The Atmosphere

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  1. The Atmosphere Alvaro Sevilla

  2. Composition of the Atmosphere

  3. Layers of the Atmosphere • Troposphere • Stratosphere • Mesosphere • Thermosphere • Exosphere

  4. Troposphere • First layer • Contains half of the Earth’s atmosphere • Weather occurs in it • 15 km above Earth’s surface • Highest air´s pressure • Cloud formation found in it • Water cycle occurs in this layer.

  5. Stratosphere • Below Stratopause • 50 km form Earth’s surface • Absorbs UV rays and makes temperature increase • 19% of the atmosphere gases are found in it. • Temperature increases with height • Altitude of stratosphere varies with latitude and seasons. • Very dry without much water vapor creating a small amount of clouds. • Air much thinner than at sea level becoming aircrafts and weather balloons reach their higher flying point.

  6. Mesosphere • Below mesopause • Top of the stratosphere to 90 km above Earth’s surface • Lowest temperature of the layers • Meteorites burn at this layer • Air thinner than in other layers • Temperature decreases with height • Fewer air molecules to absorb heat from electromagnetic waves • CO2 molecules absorb heat as they bounce of each other and release heat as photons that take heat to higher layers.

  7. Thermosphere • Ionosphere- highest part • Temperature increases with height. • Dense gases can make temperature reach 1500 degrees Celsius. • Made out of helium and hydrogen particles that rarely collide • Collision causes heat to be released but are very rare that’s why the temperature maintains cold. • Gases become thinner with height • 90 km to 1,000 km above earth´s surface. • A lot X rays and UV rays absorbed on the thermosphere. • As more solar rays the thermosphere expands and the top of the thermosphere varies between 500 and 1000km.

  8. Exosphere • Atoms and molecules escape into space • Collisions very rare and permits atoms to reach velocity to escape into outer space. • Exosphere consists mainly of ionized hydrogen that reflects UV light. • Gravity and air pressure very weak.

  9. Relationship between atmosphere and Earth. • The gases that compose the atmosphere are carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen with traces of methane, argon and ozone • Plants’ photosynthesis transform carbon dioxide into oxygen used by animals to breath. • The interaction between oxygen and UV rays form stratosphere create a protective layer called Ozone layer. • Ozone layer maintains the Earth warm as it changes UV rays into heat.

  10. Bibliography • "Arts & Science - Relationship between the Atmosphere, Ocean and Life on Earth." Arts & Science - Relationship between the Atmosphere, Ocean and Life on Earth. Web. 21 May 2012. <http://www.boddunan.com/education/24-arts-a-science/2417-relationship-between-the-atmosphere-ocean-and-life-on-earth.html>. • "The Science of Doom." The Science of Doom. Web. 17 May 2012. <http://scienceofdoom.com/2010/04/18/stratospheric-cooling/>. • "Temperature in the Mesosphere." Temperature in the Mesosphere. Web. 21 May 2012. <http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/Atmosphere/mesosphere_temperature.html>. • "The Thermosphere." The Thermosphere. Web. 21 May 2012. <http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/Atmosphere/thermosphere.html>. • "Composition of the Atmosphere." Mechanical Engineering. Web. 22 May 2012. <http://4mechanical.com/composition-of-the-atmosphere.html>.

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