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Scania Ethanol vehicles

Scania Ethanol vehicles. Climate change. External causes Solar activity Earth’s orbit Meteorites. Internal causes Natural Feedback Volcanic eruption Chance. Internal causes Anthropogenic Emissions of greenhouse gases Particles/clouds Land change.

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Scania Ethanol vehicles

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  1. Scania Ethanol vehicles

  2. Climate change • External causes • Solar activity • Earth’s orbit • Meteorites • Internal causesNatural • Feedback • Volcanic eruption • Chance • Internal causesAnthropogenic • Emissions of greenhouse gases • Particles/clouds • Land change

  3. CO2 emissions still increasing globally … • IPCC: If there is no emission decrease before 2015, global climate will be seriously affected • By 2050, a CO2 decrease of 80% will be necessary.

  4. 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1970 1980 1990 2000 …who is left to carry the can? Oil use sectors Other 70 % Transport sector BAFF

  5. Peak oil

  6. Trend of Transport energy consumption x 3x

  7. Ethanol policy in Thailand 15 Years Target AD. 2008-2022 (B.E. 2551-2565) Ethanol Target 9.0 M.Liter/day Existing 1.0 M.Liter/day Biodiesel Target 4.5 M.Liter/day Existing 1.4 M.Liter/day (ณ เดือนมกราคม 2552) B.E. A.D. 2003 2006 2011

  8. Ethanol production Available feedstock for ethanol production in 2018 Cane juice 8.25 M liters/day Molasses 0.31 M liters/day Cassava 1.16 M liters/day Total 9.72 M liters/day Source: Office of the Cane and Sugar Board (2008) and Office of Agricultural Economic (2008)

  9. Scania vision

  10. European emission legislation NitrogenOxides (NOx) CO2 == Fuel consumed Euro 6 2013 Particulate matter (PM)

  11. Source: Lloyd Wright – Sourcebook sustainable transport

  12. Sustainable Transport – Available Biofuels Ethanolfrom sugar cane< 90% Synthetic dieselfrom biomass< 80% BiodieselFAME, RME, etc. < 70% Biogasfrom waste, sewage < 90% These fuels are available today

  13. Fuels - Alternatives

  14. DC9 E02 Ethanol bus engine

  15. Why? • Insecure long-term oil supply • Global warming – cut CO2 emissions • Legal requirements • Environmental ambitions Transport system improvements Efficient energy converters Alternative fuels

  16. Scania Ethanol Technology 1916 First ethanol engine 1979 First vehicle tests 1985 First buses tested in Sweden Since 1989: 600 buses supplied mainly to Sweden

  17. Scania Ethanol Engine Passenger car Scania Bus Otto engine Diesel engine E10, E20, E85 ED95

  18. Ethanol engine efficiency Compression ignition means high efficiency! Engine load Efficiency 25% 32-36% 50% 37-38% 75% 37-40% 100% 37-41%

  19. Ethanol fuel • Biggest Renewable Fuel Globally • 90 % of all renewable fuel is Ethanol • 50 % of research money in renewable fuels related to ethanol • Cars, buses, trucks • E5, E22, E85, ED95, E100 • Many possible sources • Sugarcane, beets, wheat, corn, grapes… • Good and bad ethanol (compare with electricity…) • Sugar Cane, Cellulose, Energy Factories • 3rd generation • High Environmental Efficiency • 70-90 % CO2-reduction from Sugarcane • Liquid Fuel • Traditional infrastructure/distribution • Long Experience • Brazil • Buses in regular service in Sweden since 1989 • Local energy security & Oil dependency

  20. Ethanol fuel • SekabEtamax-D fuel • ED95 denomination; not to be confused with E85 (for gasoline engines) • It is an alcohol – no lubrication properties • Effects • Corrosion of plastics on high temperatures • Same tanks but with different ventilation • It’s a fuel – No drinking or washing

  21. Engine comparison DC9 E02DC9 12 • Power: 270 hp @ 1900rpm 270 hp @ 1800rpm • Torque: 1200 Nm@1100-1400rpm 1250 Nm@1100-1400rpm • Idle: 600 rpm 500 rpm • Emission level: Euro5, EEV Euro3 • Cylinders: 5 5 • Bore x stroke: 127x140 mm 127x140 mm • Compression: 28:1 17:1 • Balance shafts: Yes Yes • Valves per cyl.: 4 4 • Fuel: ED95 Diesel • Injection system: Bosch PDE Bosch PDE

  22. Engine DC9 E02 • Higher compression ratio 28:1 vs. 17:1 • Pistons, cylinder head valves and valve seats • New turbocharger with a waste-gate • Monorail PDE injectors with different injection volume • EMS calibration is for Ethanol fuel characteristics • Stronger starter due to higher compression

  23. Larger fuel injection system Different pistons to raise compression ratio Modifications on Scania Ethanol Engine Different engine management programming Ethanol resistant gaskets and sealings

  24. Scania Experience and opportunities

  25. Scania’s commitment to sustainabilityVehicles, fuels, infrastructure…

  26. 20 years experience of Ethanol Buses

  27. Ethanol buses in Stockholm Stockholm Public Transport’s goals: Buses on Renewable Fuels: 2006 25 % 2012 50 % 2025 100 % Up to 90% less fossil CO2 with existing technology

  28. A complete Sustainable City package Public transport Distribution Waste handling Fuel & Infrastructure

  29. …THANK YOU… Q&A

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