Lighting Design Principles

1. Training manual Chapter 5 Lighting Design Principles Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

2. The Purpose of Lighting To enable users to perceive: • the nature of the space they are in; light on walls & ceiling • what other people are doing; contributes to the feeling of safety • what they have to accomplish in a task; how much light is required? Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

3. Standard Measurements • Lamp: A device for giving light (commonly known as the ‘light bulb’) • • Luminaire: A complete lighting unit • • Lumen (lm): Unit of light • • Luminous Flux (lm): The total flow of light from a source • • Luminous Efficacy (l/cw): • The relationship between the lamps • light output and its electrical input • Luminous Intensity: The flow of light in a given direction Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

4. Standard Measurements • Illuminance (lux): The amount of light falling on a surface • Luminance (candela per m.sq): Object brightness • Colour Rendering Index: The ability of a light source to accurately render its colour spectrum in comparison to daylight • Colour Temperature (k): Describing the colour of light (warm,neutral and cool white) Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

5. The effects of Colour Temperature Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

6. Beam Angles • • Very Narrow < 7 degrees • Narrow between 7-15 degrees • Spot between 16-24 degrees • Narrow flood between 25-35 degrees • Flood between 36-45 degrees • Wide Flood between 45-60 degrees • Very Wide Flood > 60 degrees Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

7. Colour Rendering Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

8. How much light is really needed? Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

9. What is Lighting Design? • The basic aim of good lighting design should be to create a lighting installation that provides both good task visibility and a satisfactory visual environment. • to supply light when and where it is needed in an appropriate amount and quality • • to meet the visual needs of the occupant • • to clarify the form of the space • • using effective, energy efficient and sustainable practices Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

10. Typical Challenges and Considerations • Energy consumption • • Regulations & Guidance • • Uniformity • • Maintenance & access • • Disability / Discomfort Glare • • Budget Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

11. Why do I need a lighting designer? • A lighting designer can provide great advice about light and lighting, help you • choose the right fixtures, the right colour temperature and calculates the • right number of luminaires to achieve a correct lighting level • A professional lighting designer does not “buy and sell” lighting products, it offers • an expertise for the best possible solution within the agreed budget. • The professional is up to date on today’s lighting options and decisions • Professional lighting designers have a lot of experience working in and • coordinating with multiple team members and focuses only on lighting and • integration with the other building services ( e.g.electrical) • A professional lighting designer is dedicated to helping you achieve the • best lighting for your project • Can take lighting measurements after the project is implemented, to verify • that the lighting systems implemented are according to the initial project Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

12. Lighting Design Process The Brief • Who is the user and what is the space used for? • Is the lighting required for a new space or refurbishment? • Space destination / usage • • What does the client want to achieve with the lighting and why? • • What is the budget? • • What is the timescale? Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

13. Lighting Design Process Assessment • Meeting with the client/architect/electrician to determine • their needs and priorities • Identify uses of space (tasks, activities, age of users • and special visual &illumination needs) • Identify physical challenges, opportunities • Propose a general solution and the luminaires types agreed along with the client • (bulb types and luminaires). • Get for architectural plans in dwg/dxf format Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

14. Lighting Design Process Goals • Lighting quality/quantity targets • Energy efficiency level of achievement • Working within the Budget • Integration with architecture and other building systems • Integration of daylight controls Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

15. Lighting Design Process Questions to be asked • Room height? • Walls, floor and ceiling colours • False ceiling or normal ceiling? • Space destination / process / visual tasks • Emergency lighting integration with normal lighting • Integration with lighting controls ( switchers, dimmers, timers, sensors) Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

16. Lighting materials and services • Lighting layout in pdf and dwg format (Reflected Ceiling Plan) Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

17. Lighting materials and services • 3D renders for a better visualisation and understanding of the space Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

18. Lighting materials and services • Calculation of lighting levels according to the norms in Dialux software Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

19. Energy efficiency calculation for LED solutions with payback time Lighting materials and services Premises for calculation • electricity cost increase was considered 8% per year • -electricity cost was considered 0.15 ₤ /kWh • -electrical consumption of the luminaires includes also the electrical consumption of the ballasts • e.g. – total power installed for a 35W HIT lamp is actually 43W • Daily burning hours – 12 • -Monthly burning days - 30 • - 5% additional energy consumption for the AC unit to cover and eliminate the heat generated by HIT lamps • The HIT lamps are to be replaced once at two years • Was also considered the maintenance cost for replacing the bulbs • -Return of investment is calculated for 10 years time • -Warranty for luminaires is 2 years ( lamps are not included) • -LED lifespan is considered 40.000 hours/ 70% lighting output • Conclusion: • Payback time for LED solution is less • then 3 years! Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

20. Lighting Design Process Lighting materials and services • Luminaire Specification Schedule • Presentation of the final lighting solution and price quotation • Samples of luminaires and mock-up if needed • Lighting measurements at the end of the project, if required Lighting concepts – Lighting Design

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