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Settlement Patters

Settlement Patters. Chapter 18. Urban vs. Rural. Urban Settlement Patters. Urban and Rural Interactions.

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Settlement Patters

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  1. Settlement Patters Chapter 18

  2. Urban vs. Rural

  3. Urban Settlement Patters

  4. Urban and Rural Interactions • There has been significant movement of people in Canada between urban and rural areas over time. In most cases, people in rural areas live in a hamlet, village, or town. People in urban areas live in a suburb, city, or metropolis. These different types of places to live are known as the urban hierarchy (each one is a larger settlement going up the line than the one before it).

  5. Urban Hierarchy hamlet village town suburb city metropolis

  6. Urbanization • Urbanization is the movement of people UP the urban hierarchy. This has been the main migration pattern of Canadians since the creation of our country. • The chart below illustrates the overall percentage of Canada’s population living in rural and urban areas.

  7. Urban Hierarchy • Why are large cities generally located far apart? • Why are small towns generally located close together? • German geographer Walter Christaller created the central place theory, based on the number of people needed to keep a store in business. • The minimum number of customers is known as a threshold population.

  8. Urbanization • Why did people leave the countryside to live in the big cities? • reduced need for farm labour due to farm modernization (e.g. tractors) • improvements in mobility (better transportation systems reduces need for local stores) • consolidation of goods & services (most things one needs has relocated to urban areas)

  9. Counter-Urbanization • Counter-urbanization is the movement of people DOWN the urban hierarchy (metropolis→ hamlet). While our cities are still getting larger, some people are choosing to move away from cities. • In general, there are now three categories of people living in rural areas. • Newcomers - retain ties to urban core, younger, well educated, well off, managers/professionals • Homecomers - young families returning to provide rural upbringing to children • Ruralites – have never lived in an urban core

  10. Counter-Urbanization • Why are people leaving the cities to live in smaller towns and villages? • health issues, security, “community” • “back to nature” movement (desire to live in the country) • increase in telecommuting (less need to be at an office) • cheaper land and house prices

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