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Human Blood Groups

Human Blood Groups. Biology. Blood Groups. O Positive-38.4% A Positive-32.3% B Positive-09.4% O Negative-07.7% A Negative-06.5% AB Positive-03.2% B Negative-01.7% AB Negative-00.7 %. Multiple Alleles. A type of gene that is determined by more than two alleles

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Human Blood Groups

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  1. Human Blood Groups Biology

  2. Blood Groups • O Positive-38.4% • A Positive-32.3% • B Positive-09.4% • O Negative-07.7% • A Negative-06.5% • AB Positive-03.2% • B Negative-01.7% • AB Negative-00.7%

  3. Multiple Alleles • A type of gene that is determined by more than two alleles • The ABO blood group is an example of a multiple allele

  4. Blood • Type A equally dominant to type B • IA IB • Both A and B dominant to type O • IA IB ii

  5. Blood Groups • All people belong to one of four inherited blood groups: A, B, AB, and O. The letters A and B refer to the kind of antigen found on an individual's red blood cells. • An antigen is a protein on the cell which triggers an immune response, such as the formation of antibodies, against the antigens which the red cell lacks.

  6. Antigen / antibodies • Antigen- any foreign particle that enters the body and tries to harm it (virus, bacteria, molds, dust). • Antibodies- proteins the body makes to recognize and bind to antigens. Making them harmless. • Takes time for this to happen. • Once made antibodies last forever( keep a reserve supply.) • Antigen antibody combination very specific- no general all purpose antibody.

  7. Victim:one eyed Earl Crime scene knife

  8. suspects • Bobbie Baby Brooks Slim Jim Snoot Barbie doll Jones

  9. Blood Groups • For example, a group A individual, when exposed to B antigens, will produce anti-B antibodies.

  10. Group O Blood • Group O blood has neither A nor B antigens on red cells, and both anti-A antibody and anti-B antibody in the plasma. Group O blood cannot be clumped by any humanblood, and therefore persons with Group O are called universal donors.

  11. Rh Factor • While studying Rhesus monkeys, a certain blood protein was discovered. • This protein is also present in the blood of some people. The presence of the protein, or lack of it, is referred to as the Rh (for Rhesus) factor.

  12. Rh Factor and Pregnancy • If your blood does contain the protein, your blood is said to be Rh positive (Rh+). If your blood does not contain the protein, your blood is said to be Rh negative (Rh-).

  13. Rh Factor and Pregnancy • A small number of pregnant women with Rh-negative blood who carry an Rh-positive fetus will react as if it were allergic to the fetal blood. Then, they become sensitized by making antibodies.

  14. Rh Factor and Pregnancy • These antibodies go back to the fetus and attack the fetal blood. They break down the red blood cells and produce anemia (lack of iron in the blood). This condition is called hemolytic diseasecan cause illness, brain damage and even death

  15. Rh Factor and Pregnancy • Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg) is a blood product given via injection to help the Rh negative mother by suppressing her ability to react to the Rh positive red cells

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