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Ohio ’ s Early People

Ohio ’ s Early People. Chapter 1, Lesson 3 Pages 28-33. A Long Time Ago. Thousands of years ago, Earth had long periods of freezing cold  Ice Ages What happened to the Earth? A “ bridge ” of dry land appeared between Asian and what is now Alaska. A Long Time Ago.

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Ohio ’ s Early People

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  1. Ohio’s Early People Chapter 1, Lesson 3 Pages 28-33

  2. A Long Time Ago • Thousands of years ago, Earth had long periods of freezing cold  Ice Ages • What happened to the Earth? • A “bridge” of dry land appeared between Asian and what is now Alaska

  3. A Long Time Ago • People from Asia began to cross the land bridge • Nomads = people without a permanent home • Moved in bands (small family groups) and followed herds of animals • Spread out over North and South America • Ancestors of present-day Native Americans

  4. Prehistoric Indians of Ohio • 12,00 years ago reached Ohio • Lived before written history = “prehistoric people”

  5. Prehistoric Indians of Ohio • Paleo-Indians  first people to live in Ohio • Nomads; hunted large animals for food • Last Ice Age ended 10,000 years ago  large animals died out • People had to adapt to survive

  6. Prehistoric Indians of Ohio • Archaic Indians  after the last Ice Age • Fished and hunted, ate plants and gathered nuts and berries • Built wooden tents covered with bark/animal skin • Made tools from stone= axes, spearheads • Tools enabled them to build canoes  began to trade • Each group had its own culture

  7. The Mound Builders • Part of a larger group known as the Woodland Indians • Arrived in Ohio 3,000 years ago • Built mounds piles of hard-packed earth and stone • Scientists have discovered artifacts in the mounds (spearheads, jewelry, beads) • Included two main groups: Adena and Hopewell

  8. The Mound Builders • Adena  villages in southern Ohio • Grew squash and sunflowers • Hunted, fished, gathered fruits • Made pottery, used stone axes and hoes • Mounds used for burials • Important leaders – mound build over the site • Mounds grew as more were buried

  9. Adena Mounds

  10. The Mound Builders • Hopewell  central and southern Ohio • Culture grew from the Adena’s • Larger mounds, many shapes • Used for religious ceremonies, social gatherings, trading centers • Objects made with copper and shells • Trade network stretched to Rocky Mountains and Gulf of Mexico • Division of labor

  11. Hopewell Mounds

  12. The Mound Builders • Fort Ancient Indians  villages in southern Ohio 1,000 years ago • One of the last groups of prehistoric people • Late Prehistoric Indians • Depended on farming

  13. The Mound Builders • Fort Ancient Indians build villages with square or circle-shaped houses made from wooden poles • Built mounds  shaped like animals • Great Serpent Mound

  14. The Great Serpent Mound

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