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The Impact of Password Strength Meters on Password Creation: Insights from User Behavior

This study explores how password strength meters influence the creation and memorability of passwords. Conducted with 2,931 participants, the research investigates the effects of various meter designs on composition, guessability, and user sentiment. The methodology involved two parts: participants created a password and then re-entered it after 48 hours. Results indicate that stringent meters can lead to longer, more secure passwords, although they may also introduce frustration for users. Ultimately, while stronger passwords are achieved, the memorability remains largely unaffected by meter type.

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The Impact of Password Strength Meters on Password Creation: Insights from User Behavior

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  1. How Does Your Password Measure Up The Effect of Strength Meters on Password Creation Rui Xie

  2. Password Meters • Users could receive feedback when creating password • Users could create “STRONG” password by password meters • Widely used • Different shapes and sizes

  3. Primary Research Questions • The affection of password on: • Composition • Guessability • Creation Process • Memorability • User Sentiment • Important elements of meter design

  4. Methodology • 2931 participants online study • Between-subjects design • Study in 2 parts, last 2 more days • Part 1: create a password and take a survey about creation(48hours) • Part 2: re-enter password and answer a survey on remembering password

  5. Conditions • Control conditions • Visualdifferences • Scoringdifferences • Both Visual & Scoringdifferences

  6. Control Conditions • Conditions to which all others were compared • No meter: no feedback • Baseline meter: stand password meter

  7. Visual Differences • Three-segment • Green • Tiny • Huge • No suggestions • Text-only • Bunny condition

  8. Scoring differences • Half-score • One-third-score • Nudge-16 • Nudge-comp8

  9. Visual & Scoring differences • Text-only-half • Bold-text-only-half

  10. Stringent Meters • Half-score • One-third-score • Text-only-half • Bold text-only-half

  11. Metrics for Results • Composition • Guessability • Creation process • Memorability • Sentiment

  12. Composition • Password length

  13. Guessability • Threat model: offline attack • Weak adversary: 500 million guesses • Medium adversary: 50 billion guesses  • Strong adversary: 5 trillion guesses

  14. Results of Guessability (Visual)

  15. Results of Guessability (Scoring)

  16. Results of Guessability (Stringent)

  17. Process of Creating Password • Time of creating password • Changing mind during creating password Time of creating password Change mind

  18. Memorability • After 5 minutes still remember and 2 days later has the same effect • Return rate • Write password down or use electronic devices to record it

  19. Sentiment • Different level of agreement with 14 statements on password creation and password meter • Results • Stringent meters a bit more annoying • Stringent meters violate expections

  20. Meters Matter • Meters leads to longer password • Stringent meters reduce guessability • Memorability will not be affect by maters • Overly stringent meters don’t add benefits

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