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Hypothesis testing and ESP 

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tanith
14 diapositives · 338 Views · Jan 20, 2013

Hypothesis testing and ESP . Use the scientific method to explore claims made by ESP . I have ESP. Demonstration of ability. What About Intuition & Common Sense?. Many people believe that intuition and common sense are enough to bring forth answers regarding human nature.

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  1. Hypothesis testing and ESP  Use the scientific method to explore claims made by ESP

  2. I have ESP • Demonstration of ability

  3. What About Intuition & Common Sense? Many people believe that intuition and common sense are enough to bring forth answers regarding human nature. Intuition and common sense may aid queries, but they are not free of error.

  4. Limits of Intuition Personal interviewers may rely too much on their “gut feelings” when meeting with job applicants. Taxi/ Getty Images

  5. Hindsight Bias Hindsight Bias is the “I-knew-it-all-along” phenomenon. After learning the outcome of an event, many people believe they could have predicted that very outcome. We only knew the dot.com stocks would plummet after they actually did plummet.

  6. Overconfidence How long do you think it would take to unscramble these anagrams? Anagram WREAT ETYRN GRABE

  7. Overconfidence Sometimes we think we know more than we actually know. Anagram How long do you think it would take to unscramble these anagrams? WREAT WATER ETYRN ENTRY People said it would take about 10 seconds, yet on average they took about 3 minutes (Goranson, 1978). GRABE BARGE

  8. After watching their favorite team lose a game, Emma and her friends commented to each other about how they had always known the loss was inevitable. Psychologists call this: • A. overconfidence. • B. the false consensus effect. • C. the hindsight bias. • D. an illusory correlation.

  9. The Scientific Attitude The scientific attitude is composed of curiosity (passion for exploration), skepticism (doubting and questioning) and humility (ability to accept responsibility when wrong).

  10. Critical Thinking Critical thinking does not accept arguments and conclusions blindly. It examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence and assesses conclusions. Courtesy of the James Randi Education Foundation The Amazing Randi

  11. How Do Psychologists Ask & Answer Questions? Psychologists, like all scientists, use the scientific method to construct theories that organize, summarize and simplify observations.

  12. Theory A theory isan explanation that integrates principles and organizes and predicts behavior or events. For example, low self-esteem contributes to depression.

  13. Hypothesis A hypothesis is a testable prediction, often prompted by a theory, to enable us to accept, reject or revise the theory. People with low self-esteem are apt to feel more depressed.

  14. Research Observations Research would require us to administer tests of self-esteem and depression. Individuals who score low on a self-esteem test and high on a depression test would confirm our hypothesis.