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The Iraq War: Colonial History, US Involvement, and Shifting Justifications

Learn about Iraq, one of the largest Arab nations in the Middle East, its ethnic demographics, the colonial history under British mandate, and US involvement in the region, including the Gulf War, sanctions, and the invasion force in 2003. Explore the shifting justifications used for the Iraq War, from alleged links to terrorism and WMD to the goal of liberating Iraq from Saddam Hussein's regime.

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The Iraq War: Colonial History, US Involvement, and Shifting Justifications

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Iraq War

  2. Iraq basics • One of the largest Arab nations in Middle East • 2nd largest proven oil reserves in world • Ethnic Kurds in North--15% • Sunni Arabs, in middle--30% • Shi’ite Arab, in South--50%

  3. Colonial History • After defeat of Ottoman Empire, British Mandate 1918-1930 • 1920, and on--”The Great Iraqi Revolution”

  4. Background: US in the Region • 1979--Iranian Revolution and hostages • Recently emerged Ba’ath Party dictator, Saddam Hussein begins war with Iran • Reagan administration supports Saddam

  5. Gulf War I 1991 • 1990 Saddam invades Kuwait • US and coalition troops, with UN sanction, attack • Saddam fires scud missiles on Israel • Saddam forced to retreat

  6. George H. Bush’s decision • expel but not overthrow Saddam • under UN sanction: • establish no-fly zones • econ sanctions • weapons inspections under UN (1991-98, 2002-2003)

  7. Invasion force • 83% US • 15% UK • 2% “Coalition of the Willing”

  8. Shifting justifications • links to “terror” and Al-Qaeda • supposed meeting in Prague • WMD • Dubious tubes and uranium purchases • Liberating Iraq

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