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System analysis for effective use of biomass as energy resources

System analysis for effective use of biomass as energy resources. ICSS-Asia, Nov. 23, Bangkok Sohei SHIMADA Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo. BACKGROUND. Biomass: low energy density Optimization of transportation is critical for “ Biomass to Energy ” project.

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System analysis for effective use of biomass as energy resources

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  1. System analysis for effective use of biomass as energy resources ICSS-Asia, Nov. 23, Bangkok Sohei SHIMADA Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo

  2. BACKGROUND • Biomass: low energy density • Optimization of transportation is critical for “Biomass to Energy” project. • System analysis using GIS and optimization of economy (cost minimum) and environmental burden (CO2 emission minimum) is a strong tool for evaluating the project. • Optimal location and size of the power generation plants and biofuel producing plants obtained by the analysis • Examples of analysis; • Power generation using EFB (Empty Fruit Bunches) from palm in Selangor State, Malaysia • Cocodiesel production in Lucena City, Philippine • 3. RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) power generation in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan

  3. Case Study 1 Power generation using EFB (Empty Fruit Bunch) from palm in Selangor State, Malaysia

  4. Output of Palm Oil 7% Shell ≈ 4.3 million tonnes 13% Fiber ≈ 10.7 million tonnes 22% Empty fruit bunch (EFB) ≈ 17.4 million tonnes Total Fresh Fruit Bunch processed ≈79.3 million tonnes 67% Palm oil mill effluent (POME) ≈ 53.1 million tonnes 20% Crude palm oil (CPO) ≈ 15.9 million tonnes 3% Palm kernel oil (PKO) ≈ 2.0 million tonnes

  5. Issues Fiber and Shell • Used as fuel to generate electricity to their own palm oil mill. However, the mills have excess energy. EFB (Empty Fruit Bunch) • Problem of EFB supply chain for power generation • EFB is bulky and high moisture content → inefficiency combustion and difficulty on transportation and store. • Difficult decision for palm oil mill to commit themselves with certain EFB handling method since there are many uncertain markets for EFB based downstream products. →Resulting ‘wait and see’ situation. Effective use of palm oil wastes system is not yetestablished.

  6. 1ton FFB Electricity : 72 MJ 0.65 t steam : 1690 MJ Oil extraction process 0.13 t fiber 0.07 t shell 0.23 t EFB 2760 MJ Power central Boiler efficiency: 65.6% Boiler 1810 MJ Heat/power ratio: 1/17.9 Turbine Accumulator Drying Electricity: 95.8MJ Steam:1714.2 MJ Electricity: 23.8MJ Steam:24.2MJ Excess energy : 48 MJ Energy Balance in Palm oil mill

  7. System Total Cost with Number of Power Plant

  8. Distribution of Empty Fruit Bunch Peninsular Malaysia Selangor State Palm oil mill CHP 1 (6~10 MW) CHP 1: plant install at palm oil mill (CHP 2: Independent CHP plant)

  9. Impacts of Capital Cost on Profit

  10. Case Study 2 Cocodiesel production in Lucena City, Philippine

  11. Cocodiesel: diesel oil produced from coconut Coconut is used for food and diesel oil Cocodiesel production and blending with the fossil fuel derived diesel

  12. Simulation for 20% Cocodiesel Blend

  13. CO2 emission due to transportation is relatively small compared to the reduction due to the % blend increase: 0.18 – 0.34% difference Transportation Cost has a minimal effect as % blend increases: 0.02 – 0.05 ¥/L (Price increase per liter cocodiesel = ¥ 7 – 12) Additional cost increases as % blend increases: \51,000 (1%) – \4.4M (50%)

  14. Case Study 3 RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) power generation in Ishikawa Prefecture (northern area), Japan 30mm

  15. Ishikawa Hiroshima Kashima Mie Omuta RDF Power Generation System 4 RDF plants + 1 power generation plant OldSystem 9 incineration plants, no thermal recycle Incinerator Power plant RDF northernarea of Ishikawa Prefecture

  16. Energy Consumption

  17. CO2 Emission

  18. Cost

  19. Thank you for your kind attention.

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