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Prehistory

Prehistory for kids

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Prehistory

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  1. PREHISTORY María Liste

  2. Historians divide HumanHistory into two big periods: starts finishes with the invention of writing. with the appearance of the first humans 5,500 years ago 4.5 million years ago (= 3,500 years b.C.)

  3. Historians also divide Prehistory into smaller stages, depending on the type of materials and technology used in those times: Stone Age Metal Ages Tools were made from STONE, wood and bones. Tools were made from METALS.

  4. PALAEOLITHIC starts finishes with the appearance of the first HUMANS with the discovery of AGRICULTURE. 5,500 years ago (= 3,500 years b.C.) 4.5 million years ago

  5. PALAEOLITHIC How did humans live in this period?

  6. They were nomads. They didn’t have a fixed house. A nomad is a person who does not have a permanent home and moves around a lot. They moved around to find food.

  7. They lived in temporary shelters like tents, huts or caves because they were nomads. (refugios) (chozas) They lived in caves. Sometimes they built huts with natural materials (wood, animal skins…).

  8. They were organized in small groups (of 20/30 people called tribes).

  9. They were hunters and gatherers. fishing They got their food hunting and gathering fruits, nuts, berries, roots and other wild plants

  10. They made tools and weapons with: STONE BONES IVORY WOOD and (marfil)

  11. They made: Arrowheads (puntas de flecha) Scrapers (raspadores) Harpoons (arpones) Antler harpoons from Altamira, used to catch fish. About 14,000 years old

  12. Needles (agujas) Spears (lanzas) Axes (hachas) Wooden spear, Germany, about 400,000 years old. These spears are currently the oldest known wooden artifacts in the world. Handaxe from Europe Bone needles from China, about 30,000 years old

  13. They learned to use fire. They used fire for heating and lighting caves, cooking and keeping wild animals away.

  14. They drew and painted pictures of animals on cave walls and rocks. This type of art is called ‘cave art’. (arte rupestre) They painted mammoths, horses, deer, bisons, hunting scenes ...

  15. Animal hairs were used to make brushes. They made paint crushing and mixing mineral pigments or charcoal with spit, blood or animal fat. (carbón) (saliva)(grasa)

  16. How did people dress during the Paleolithic Age? • Clothing was made primarily from the fur of the animals that had been killed for food. • The climate during that time was cold, so people dressed to stay warm. They made clothes from animal skins. (cosían) (marfil) Reconstruction of Neanderthal and Cro-Magnon.

  17. They sewed their clothes with needles made from bones, ivory and antlers.

  18. NEOLITHIC How did humans live in this period?

  19. They learned how to domesticate animals and cultivate plants. Domesticate means to train a wild animal to be useful to humans.

  20. They tamed horses, dogs, goats, pigs, sheep, oxen … (amansaron) (bueyes)

  21. They grew wheat, barley, peas, rice, corn … (trigo) (maíz) (guisantes) (cebada) (arroz) Barley Wheat

  22. They became sedentary. A sedentary human is a person who lives in a fixed place because he has a permanent house. They were not nomadic. They settled down and built villages because they had to farm and needed to be close to their fields.

  23. How did people dress during the Neolithic Age? • People still used mostly animal skins for clothing. • In some places people were able to make fabric from the wool of their sheep and from plants. Raw wool Loom

  24. Farming tools were made with stone and wood. People used stone tools, but they began to be more sophisticated, specialized, and they were often polished to a fine finish.

  25. They invented: The wheel The plough The loom

  26. They developed pottery for storing food and carrying things from place to place. (cerámica) (almacenar) They made pots with baked clay. (cocida) (arcilla)

  27. They divided up the tasks in their community: Some made clothing Some cultivated crops Some built houses … Some raised animals Some made pottery

  28. METAL AGES How did humans live in this period?

  29. The main change was the discovery of metals. Metal tools are better than stone tools. They are stronger and can be sharpened. First they learnt how to melt copper and make tools with it, then they used bronze and later, they used iron. Gold and silver were used to make coins and jewellery.

  30. Copper It was very soft and objects could deform quite easily. Bronze Mixture of copper and tin. • Harder and it can replace the stone for making weapons. Iron The hardest andmost excellent for making weapons and farming tools. Bronze Age socketed axes

  31. Metal workers had an important job: to make tools and weapons for everyone.

  32. They made ovens to melt metals to make tools, weapons and jewellery.

  33. 2 Metalworkerswere people who made metalworking. Potters were people who made pottery, Jewellerswere people who made jewels. Weaverswere people who made clothes, fabrics… Other new jobs were … Soldiers were people who defended the town. Traders were people who bought and sold metal objects, clothes and pottery. People had different Jobs now.

  34. PALAEOLITHIC NEOLITHIC ? or METAL AGES Let´s analyze the following pictures

  35. ???????

  36. Add more …

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