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Leviticus 1-15

Pentateuch. Leviticus 1-15. © John Stevenson, 2012. Leviticus 1:1. Then the LORD called to Moses and spoke to him from the tent of meeting…. Name of the Book. Hebrew Name: ar'q.YIw: ( WaYiqra ) - “And He called” Greek Name: Leuitikon. LEVITICUS

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Leviticus 1-15

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  1. Pentateuch Leviticus 1-15 © John Stevenson, 2012

  2. Leviticus 1:1 Then the LORD called to Moses and spoke to him from the tent of meeting…

  3. Name of the Book • Hebrew Name: ar'q.YIw: (WaYiqra) - “And He called” • Greek Name: Leuitikon

  4. LEVITICUS Tells of the worship that takes place in the Tabernacle EXODUS Ends with the construction of the Tabernacle

  5. Exodus Leviticus Begins in bondage Begins in sacrifice Genesis Depicts the rise of God’s people Tells of the redemption from Egypt Sets forth the rituals of worship and holiness Begins with creation Origins of the nation Deliverance of the nation Life of the nation Theocracy born Theocracy established

  6. Why should we study Leviticus? • Historical Reasons: It gives the historical background for the remainder of the Bible. • Theological Reasons: It establishes such principles as redemption and sacrifice. • Religious Reasons: It teaches us about worship.

  7. Oultine of Leviticus Laws of the Priests (8-10) Laws of Purity (11-15) Day of Atonement (16) Laws of the Offerings (1-7) Laws of Holiness (17-20) Laws of the Priests (21-22) Appointed Times (23-25) Penalties and Vows (26-27)

  8. What is the “Big Idea” in the book of Leviticus?

  9. What is holiness?

  10. What is the opposite of holiness?

  11. Purity Holiness Is there a difference between the two?

  12. Common Pure Impure Holy

  13. What are some areas of life in which holiness ought to be seen in the lives of believers today?

  14. “Leviticus does not articulate a theory of sacrifice but simply describes a variety of sacrifices.” Bellinger, Jr.

  15. What takes place in a Sacrifice? • The Principle of a Gift • The Principle of a Death • The Principle of a Substitute • The Principle of a Healed Relationship

  16. Leviticus 1-7 Chapters 4-5 Chapters 6-7 Chapters 1-3 Focus on the priest’s actions in the offering ritual and mentions the disposal of the offering after it has been offered Various Offerings Burnt Offerings Grain Offerings Peace Offerings Sin Offerings Guilt Offerings Offered in worship Offered because of sin or guilt

  17. Why are there five different sacrifices if they all represent Jesus?

  18. Burnt Offerings • Did not originate here in Leviticus. • Noah offered burnt offerings after the flood (Genesis 8:20). • The offering of Isaac was to be a burnt offering (Genesis 22:2). • The worship of the golden calf involved burnt offerings and peace offerings (Exodus 32:6)

  19. Burnt Offerings • Did not originate here in Leviticus. • It was the basic offering. • The morning and evening offerings • Offerings at various feast days

  20. Burnt Offerings • Did not originate here in Leviticus. • It was the basic offering. • It was to be completely consumed by the fire. • Various types of animals allowed. • Bull • Sheep or goat • Birds

  21. hl'[o !B'r>q' ‘Olah Qarban hl'[' (From br'q' (From , “to “to ascend”) come near”) Leviticus 1:3 “If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he shall offer it, a male without defect; he shall offer it at the doorway of the tent of meeting, that he may be accepted before the LORD.”

  22. Leviticus 1:4 “He shall lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering, that it may be accepted for him to make atonement on his behalf.”

  23. Leviticus 1:5 He shall slay the young bull before the LORD; and Aaron’s sons the priests shall offer up the blood and sprinkle the blood around on the altar that is at the doorway of the tent of meeting.

  24. The Burnt Offering • It was the foundational offering that allowed men to come into the presence of the Lord. …he shall offer it at the doorway of the tent of meeting, that he may be accepted before the LORD. (Leviticus 1:3).

  25. The Burnt Offering • It was the foundational offering that allowed men to come into the presence of the Lord. He shall lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering, that it may be accepted for him to make atonement on his behalf (Leviticus 1:4).

  26. The Burnt Offering • It was the foundational offering that allowed men to come into the presence of the Lord. • A life was offered upon the altar. • It was to be completely burnt upon the altar. • Depending upon the financial status of the one making the offering, it could be a bull, a lamb, or a dove.

  27. “Physical contact with the animal shows that there was no worship by proxy or at a safe distance. The worshiper personally carried out over half the ritual steps, more than the priest did” (2008:23).

  28. Offerings and Sacrifices • Why were the sacrifices important (necessary)? • What were they meant to achieve? • Why do Christians no longer make sacrifices (or do they)? • How is worship a sacrifice? • What NT connections can be drawn to the sacrificial system?

  29. Lev. 1 Bull, sheep, goat, bird Atonement Burnt Offering Lev. 2 Grain Offering Flour, oil, incense Celebration

  30. hx'n>mi  Minchah Leviticus 2:1 Now when anyone presents a grain offering as an offering to the LORD, his offering shall be of fine flour, and he shall pour oil on it and put frankincense on it. Offering, tribute, gift. Used in Genesis 4 of both Cain and Abel’s offerings

  31. The Grain Offering • It was an unbloody offering. • It describes the king’s tribute. • Connected to the idea of hospitality. • It was to be made without leaven or honey.

  32. Lev. 1 Bull, sheep, goat, bird Atonement Burnt Offering Lev. 2 Grain Offering Flour, oil, incense Celebration Lev. 3 Peace Offering Male or female cattle or sheep Rejoicing

  33. ~ymil'v. xb;z< Zebach shelamim Leviticus 3:1 Now if his offering is a sacrifice of peace offerings, if he is going to offer out of the herd, whether male or female, he shall offer it without defect before the LORD.

  34. Leviticus 3:2 He shall lay his hand on the head of his offering and slay it at the doorway of the tent of meeting, and Aaron’s sons the priests shall sprinkle the blood around on the altar. A picture of Imputation

  35. The Peace Offering • It could be from the herd of cattle or the flock of sheep or goats. • It could be male or female. • The fat of the animal as well as the entrails were to go to the Lord.

  36. The Peace Offering • The flesh went to the priests and to the one making the offering. • Everyone ate a portion of this offering, signifying communion with God. • Jesus is our shalom.

  37. The Peace Offering • The Peace Offering was generally accompanied by a libation of wine.

  38. Lev. 1 Bull, sheep, goat, bird Atonement Burnt Offering Lev. 2 Grain Offering Flour, oil, incense Celebration Lev. 3 Peace Offering Male or female cattle or sheep Rejoicing Lev. 4:1 – 5:13 Sin Offering Bull, goat (male or female) Unintentional Sin

  39. Leviticus 4:1-3 Then the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, 2 “Speak to the sons of Israel, saying, ‘If a person sins unintentionally in any of the things which the LORD has commanded not to be done, and commits any of them, 3 if the anointed priest sins so as to bring guilt on the people, then let him offer to the LORD a bull without defect as a sin offering for the sin he has committed.’”

  40. If the anointed priest sins The Sin Offering 4:1-12 4:13-21 4:22-26 4:27 - 5:13 If the people sin If the leader sins If one of the common people sins

  41. Leviticus 4:4 He shall bring the bull to the doorway of the tent of meeting before the LORD, and he shall lay his hand on the head of the bull and slay the bull before the LORD.

  42. Leviticus 4:5-6 Then the anointed priest is to take some of the blood of the bull and bring it to the tent of meeting, 6 and the priest shall dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle some of the blood seven times before the LORD, in front of the veil of the sanctuary. Bibleplaces.com

  43. Leviticus 4:7 The priest shall also put some of the blood on the horns of the altar of fragrant incense which is before the LORD in the tent of meeting; and all the blood of the bull he shall pour out at the base of the altar of burnt offering which is at the doorway of the tent of meeting.

  44. Leviticus 4:11-12 But the hide of the bull and all its flesh with its head and its legs and its entrails and its refuse, 12 that is, all the rest of the bull, he is to bring out to a clean place outside the camp where the ashes are poured out, and burn it on wood with fire; where the ashes are poured out it shall be burned.

  45. For the bodies of those animals whose blood is brought into the holy place by the high priest as an offering for sin, are burned outside the camp. 12 Therefore Jesus also, that He might sanctify the people through His own blood, suffered outside the gate. 13 So, let us go out to Him outside the camp, bearing His reproach. (Hebrews 13:11-13).

  46. The Sin Offering • The first three offerings were offered as acts of worship; this offering is made for atonement for sin. • The first three offerings were burnt upon the altar in the compound of the Tabernacle. This offering is burnt on the bare earth outside the camp.

  47. The Sin Offering • Teaches us the great cost of sin. • Teaches us that sin can be ignorant or willful. • Teaches us that sin can be active or passive. • Teaches us that the only solution to sin is the death of an innocent substitute.

  48. Lev. 1 Bull, sheep, goat, bird Atonement Burnt Offering Lev. 2 Grain Offering Flour, oil, incense Celebration Lev. 3 Peace Offering Male or female cattle or sheep Rejoicing Lev. 4:1 – 5:13 Sin Offering Bull, goat (male or female) Unintentional Sin Lev. 5:14 – 6:7 Guilt Offering Ram or equivalent sum Atonement

  49. The Guilt Offering • This offering is the only one not described as a soothing aroma. • Includes the mandate of a financial recompense to the party that was wronged (6:5). • Both sin offerings and guilt offerings are for unintentional offenses.

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