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Safety. What is safety and why is it important?. Safety. the condition of being protected from or unlikely to cause danger, risk, or injury. The purpose of shop safety rules is to protect the individual, tools, and facilities. You are individually responsible for putting safety first.
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Safety What is safety and why is it important?
Safety the condition of being protected from or unlikely to cause danger, risk, or injury.
The purpose of shop safety rules is to protect the individual, tools, and facilities. You are individually responsible for putting safety first. Your life or the lives of others may be at stake. More accidents are caused by unsafe acts of people than by unsafe conditions.
Report to your instructor whenever: Any student, including yourself, feels ill or has even the slightest injury, accident, burn, or electric shock. You find a broken tool, safety guard removed, or any machine that is not working correctly. You see someone breaking a safety rule!
Personal Protective Equipment- (PPE’s) Long Sleeve Shirt Long Pants Closed Toed Shoes Safety Glasses (must be Z87)
PPE Rules– Clothing • Properly fitting clothing. • Long Pants with no frays • Long sleeve shirt • Preferably Cotton • Long Hair • Jewelry • Gloves-all the time except when using the bench/pedestal grinder • Shoes • Rubber soles in good repair • Full tops and leather are preferred but not required
PPE Rules– Eye Protection • Must wear safety glasses in the shop at ALL times. • A face shield provides good face protection, but NOT good eye protection • Even wear them UNDER your welding hood/face sheild • So – ALWAYS where them unless you are using cutting glasses or goggles
OSHA (Occupational Safety & Health Administration) Minimum Standards for Shaded Eye Protection https://www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHAfactsheet-eyeprotection-during-welding.pdf Flash burn
Lifting and Carrying • Clear a path • Get a firm grip • Get help with heavy or long objects. • Carry long objects on the same side. • Heavy object get several people • Use your legs not your back • Squat down keeping back as straight as possible
Prevent Fire & Burns • EVERY piece of metal IS HOT!!!!!!!!!! • Use pliers to pick up metal • Never operate equipment that generates sparks and flames near flammable materials. • Never cut or weld against the concrete floor. • Cement will explode under high heat. • Keep all paint and solvents in the paint cabinet. • If you are unsure if something is flammable read the MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet)
Prevent Fire & Burns • The best method of fire safety is “prevention.” • Prevention begins with knowledge of the components of a fire. Known as the fire triangle. • Fuel: any combustible material that will burn (As long as in the presence of oxygen, they may ignite and burn) • Heat • Oxygen • Can be prevented, controlled, or stopped by removing one or more of the components needed • Best place to prevent is at the fuel or ignition sources
Prevent Fire & Burns • Ways to Prevent: • Store fuels in approved containers & away from materials that easily burn. • Dispose of all flammable objects. • Check the location of flammable materials before igniting oxy-fuel torch or turning on welder. • NEVER expose oxygen & acetylene cylinders to oil or grease because spontaneous fires may result.
Prevent Fire & Burns • Classes of Fires: • Class • Class • Class • Class
Prevent Fire & BurnsExtinguishers • Marked according to the class or classes of fires they extinguish • Labels contain symbols to help the individual react quickly. • Red diagonal line drawn through the picture to indicate what type of fire it is NOT FOR • Common types: • Water---------------------------------------Class A • Carbon dioxide---------------------------Class B & C • Dry chemical------------------------------Class A, B & C • Dry powder special compound------Class D only • Fire blankets • Should be located near potential fire areas in clean, dry locations that are easy to reach • Must be periodically checked & recharged if necessary
General Shop Guidelines Keep floor, aisles and passageways clear. Place all scrap material in the scrap bins Immediately clean up any liquids or grease spilled. Do not use compressed air to blow off your body. Always keep your mind on your work!!! Do not distract a person while they are working. When its time to clean up do your part to keep the shop clean and safe.
Hand Tools and Bench Work Use the right tool for the right job Do not throw tools to another person. Do not leave materials projecting from a vise or workbench. Do not carry sharp-edged tools in pockets. Do not run fingers on edges of metal. Do not strike two hardened surfaces together. Do not use a chisel or punch if the end has mushroomed.
Portable Power Tool Safety • Always ask the instructor before using power tools. • Never use power tools on a wet floor or with wet hands. • Inspect all cords and switches. • Make sure work area is free from loose objects, oil, or other dangerous things. • Never work on equipment when plugged in. • Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry! • NEVER remove guards – they are there for a reason! If they are removed – tell the teacher! Pneumatic nail gun injury
Portable Power Tool Safety • Make sure adjustments are securely locked so vibrations do not loosen parts. • Do not leave a running machine. • Do not distract the operator (the person running the machine) • Do not approach an operator quickly. Approach slowly and beware of moving parts.
General Welding Practices Always ask the instructor before using ANY equipment. Report any faulty equipment. Keep flammable materials away from the welding area. Ear protection should be worn in noisy conditions. Remember: Keep the floor dry! Do not weld on concrete or any containers that had flammables or unknown liquid in them. Never operate welding equipment beyond its rated capacity.
General Welding Practices Report leaking containers. Wear appropriate face/eye protection. Stay in your assigned station. Do not exchange tools with others. Turn off all equipment when not using. When welding overhead – use cotton in your ears to prevent burns inside them. Never weld with oil/grease on your hands. Be cautious of where hoses are – sparks or hot metal can melt through them. Use the appropriate grinder when needed. Always arc weld in the correct area with proper ventilation and use the word “COVER” to warn others that you are striking an arc.
General Welding Practices Never look at the arc without proper eye protection Keep pants free from frays and always pulled down over boots; keep sleeves rolled down. Keep all flammable materials away from welding area. Always secure electrical leads and grounds. Report broken or damaged leads to teacher. When leaving hot metal, label it HOT. Use pliers, channel locks, etc. when quenching heated metals (watch out for steam) Before starting, be sure the work is well grounded.
General Welding Practices • Ventilation: • Areas less than 10,000 cubic feet per welder or ceilings less than 16’ high must be force ventilated. • Place ventilation hose as close to the fume source as practical.
Acetylene Safety Maximum psi of Acetylene regulator is 15 psi. NEVER EXCEED 15 psi of Acetylene. Only crack bottle a quarter of a turn. Never leave bottle on their side when in use. Never use oil on any cylinders, regulators, or hose connections.
Oxygen Safety Oxygen bottles that are fully charged contain 2200 psi at 70 F Never place bottles next to a heat source of 125 F or higher. Liquid oxygen can cause frost bite. Never use pure oxygen to substitute as compressed air.
Safety Color Coding Safety color applications are based on OSHA codes. OSHA sets and regulates all safety standards in all work places! When used properly, color speaks a universal language in factories, laboratories, & agricultural industries as a visual aid to safety. Helps identify safety equipment & hazards
Safety Color Coding • Safety Red • Danger & emergency • Fire equipment • Safety Orange • Warning • Cutting edges • Safety Yellow • Caution • Hand rails • Safety Yellow with Black Stripes or Checkers • Non-moving hazards • Low beams & extensions in walk way
Safety Color Coding • Safety Blue • Information • Warning or caution signs • Safety Green • First aid • Location of all first aid equipment • Safety Black and Safety Yellow stripes • Radiation hazard • Radiation from X-ray radiation types • Safety Gray or Vista Green • To reduce eye strain • Body of machines, tables, workbenches, and floors
First Aid in Laboratories • Minor Injuries: cuts, bruises, scratches, burns, or punctures • Major Injuries: severe shock, scalds & burns, cuts, & broken bones • Should be handled immediately by qualified school personnel and a physician • Teachers & students should know which personnel are trained in first aid in case emergency medical attention is needed
Burns: Some of the most common most painful welding shop injuries. First degree- red without blisters Second degree- burn that causes the skin to blister. Third degree- stiff and white/brown Fourth degree- Black: charred
Burns • First degree- • Second degree-------------------- • Third- • Fourth degree-------------
Electrical Shock: • Call school nurse or physician for emergency assistance. • Never touch a person who is in contact with electrical current. • Disconnect power source if the person is undergoing electric shock. • If victim is not breathing, apply mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. If victim has no pulse, begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). (Only trained individuals should perform these.) • Cover associated electric shock burns with a dry sterile dressing only. • Keep the victim from getting chilled by covering with a blanket.
Electric Shock Prevention Never weld on or stand in a wet surface. Never lay work lead on grounded surface at anytime while machine is on. Never touch the lead to any other surface than the work piece because those surfaces may become electrically live.
Eye Injuries: • Rinse affected eye(s) thoroughly for about 10 minutes with cold water. • Do not attempt to remove any foreign materials from affected eye(s). • Dress affected eye(s) with sterile cloth or pads. • Severe Bleeding: • To stop: • Apply a clean dressing to the wound with constant pressure. • Elevating the injured body part, if possible, will help decrease the flow of blood to the injury. • Cover and dress the wound as soon as possible and then send for assistance.
