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eHealth Opportunities and Challenges

eHealth Opportunities and Challenges. Dr. R.S. Khandpur Director General, Pushpa Gujral Science City. 1960 -70 Automated Measurement of Physiological Parameters. ICU’s and CCU’s Bedside and Central Monitoring. 1970 – 80 Imaging Systems. CT Scanner, Ultrasonic Scanner, MRI Scanner.

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eHealth Opportunities and Challenges

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  1. eHealthOpportunities and Challenges Dr. R.S. Khandpur Director General, Pushpa Gujral Science City

  2. 1960 -70 Automated Measurement of Physiological Parameters • ICU’s and CCU’s • Bedside and Central Monitoring

  3. 1970 – 80Imaging Systems • CT Scanner, Ultrasonic Scanner, MRI Scanner

  4. 1980 – 1990 Intelligent Instrumentation • Use of Microprocessors and Micro-controllers

  5. 1990 – 2000 PC based Instrumentation (IT)

  6. 2000 – 2010 Use of ICT (Telemedicine)

  7. 2010 - - - - -e-Health, m-Health, Home Care Devices, Wireless Monitors

  8. Role of ICT in Healthcare "The revolution in communication technology needs to be harnessed to deliver healthcare services in rural India. The need is to create an Health-care system that is both affordable and effective" – Former President Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam. ICT, specifically the internet enables people to get access to huge pool of information irrespective of caste, creed, race, sex, physical ability, location and social background.

  9. Telemetry & Telemedicine • Telemetry: means for monitoring and studying human and animal physiological functions from a remote site. • Telemedicine: use of electronic information and communications technologies to provide and support health care when distance separates the patient and the doctor. In telemedicine. The expertise is transferred and not the patient.

  10. TeleHealth & eHealth • Telehealth: use of electronic information and telecommunication technologies to support long-distance clinical health care, patient and professional health-related education, public health and health administration. Broadly includes: telemedicine, education and informatics. • e-Health: refers to all forms of electronic health care delivered over the internet

  11. What is eHealth? • eHealth = Medicine + Communication + Information + Society • eHealth is an emerging field of medical informatics. • Refers to the delivery of health services and information using the Internet

  12. What is eHealth? • Characterizes not only technical development, but a new way of working, an attitude and a commitment for networked, global thinking. • Uses ICT to improve healthcare locally, regionally and worldwide.

  13. eHealth Applications • eHealth includes a range of services in medicine/healthcare and information technology. • Electronic Health Records: enable easy communication of patient data between different healthcare professionals (GPs, specialists, care team, pharmacy) • Telemedicine:includes all types of physical and psychological measurements that do not require a patient to travel to a specialist.

  14. eHealth • Consumer Health Informatics: both healthy individuals and patients want to be informed on medical topics. • Health Knowledge Management : overview of latest medical journals, best practice guidelines or epidemiological tracking. Examples include physician resources such as Medscape and MDLinx. • Virtual Healthcare Teams: consist of healthcare professionals who collaborate and share information on patients through digital means

  15. eHealth • mHealth: includes the use of mobile devices in collecting aggregate and patient level health data, providing healthcare information to practitioners and patients, real-time monitoring of patient vitals, and direct provision of care via mobile telemedicine. • Healthcare Information Systems: refer to software solutions for appointment scheduling, patient data management, work schedule management and other administrative and financial tasks.

  16. Cybermedicine Internet • Cybermedicine is the science of applying Internet and global networking technologies to the area of medicine and public health, of studying the impact and implications of the Internet and of evaluating opportunities and the challenges in healthcare. Clinical Medicine Public Health Cybermedicine Telemedicine Medical Informatics Preventive Health Therapy Medical / Health Education Diagnosis

  17. Cybermedicine • On-line Consultation • On-line Information • On-line Pharmacy

  18. Sources used to Access Health Information

  19. Ethical Issues in Cybermedicine • Healing yourself via YouTube: The Amazing and Frightening future of Healthcare • Tele-Consultation: Doctors credential, locating the cyber doctor in case of wrong medical advise, responsibility and privacy issues. • Tele-Information: Validity of information, reliability and authenticity issues • Tele-Pharmacy: Responsibility in case of side effects of drug, sale of unproved drugs, no doctor-patient relationship

  20. Hospital Management Information System • Immediate On-line reports from Hospitals • Tracking System for pregnant women and children • Routine Immunization Monitoring System • RFID smart cards for capturing patient and doctor data • Video Conferencing System including tele-education • Employees Information System

  21. TELEMEDICINE : WHAT ? “ Delivery of healthcare or exchange of medical information across distances using Information Technology. ” OBJECTIVE Move the information Instead of the patient.

  22. TELE-MEDICINE at C-DAC, Mohali

  23. Transmission Station Telemedicine Station

  24. WHY TELEMEDICINE ? • Uneven geographic distribution of health care resources throughout the country – facilities and health manpower  • Inadequate access to health care on the part of certain segments of the population, including underprivileged, isolated  • Unabating rise in the cost of care, including the cost on transport • Potential for improving the health status and quality of life gets limited • Telemedicine proposed as a multifaceted response to address all the three problems simultaneously

  25. TELEMEDICINE • Telemedicine includes digital conversion and transmission of • Data • Still Images • Video • Audio • -  All patient related medical data • Patient records / HistoryImages; X-ray; CT, Ultrasound, MRI etc. Investigations Prescriptions etc.

  26. TELEMEDICINE : HOW?

  27. TELEMEDICINE : HOW? • Transferring the information over the communication channels like : POTS, ISDN, ATM, VSAT, Internet etc. • Getting back the views/opinion of the Specialist over the same channel.

  28. APPLICATIONS OF TELEMEDICINE Tele-diagnosis PATIENT DOCTOR Tele-consultation Patient SPECIALIST DOCTOR Tele-education Interns in City “B” DOCTOR in City A Interns in City “C” Interns in City “D”

  29. TELEMEDICINE : TECHNIQUES EMPLOYED (Store & Forward Concept) • Static Mode • Pathology slides, physiological signals like ECG, EMG, Respiratory Rate etc. acquired/collected at patient’s end and transferred to the expert’s end. • Still images and pictures scanned or directly acquired and communicated. (Real Time Concept) • Dynamic Mode • Regularly varying / condition dependant parameters like ECG, heart sounds & video clips transferred to the expert’s end online. • Video Conferencing • Desktop Video-conferencing.

  30. Patient Registration

  31. Symptoms

  32. Hematology

  33. Urine

  34. Stool

  35. Bio-Chemistry

  36. Images

  37. X-Ray

  38. Ultrasound

  39. CT- Scan

  40. Case Information

  41. TELEMEDICINE – GLOBAL MARKET • Market of telemedicine increased from $ 4.8 billion in 2006 to an expected level of $ 13.9 billion by 2012. • India with 70% population in rural areas has tremendous potential for telemedicine.

  42. TELEMEDICINE – GLOBAL MARKET • Tele-home market currently accounts for 22% of the market and is expected to capture 37% of the telemedicine market by 2012 • Telemedicine service market is expected to grow from $ 3.6 billion in 2007 to $ 8.3 billion in 2012, mainly driven by tele-hospital service market.

  43. Market Drivers for Telemedicine • Need for better clinical outcome (preference) • Increasing acceptance by patients • Centralized EHR / EMR • Improved technology infrastructure • Increased focus of Companies on telemedicine as a key to market differentiator • Rising e-Health Care Market • Growing investments in Tele-medicine (particularly by developing world, developed world in exotic telemedicine)

  44. Tele - Cardiology Major components in Tele - Home Care • Health Care Services using tele-cardiology for early detection of abnormalities • Hospitals outsourcing cardiology image management to specialists • Cardiac patients experience higher comfort level with tele-cardiology • Larger number of cardiac patients being monitored remotely • Mobile Emergency services opting for tele-cardiology

  45. Tele - Radiology • Development of super-specialty centres • Use of film less imaging

  46. Tele - Pathology • Helps laboratories to increase revenues by leveraging mutual global partnerships • Hospitals reducing pathological cost and increasing promptness

  47. m-Health and Mobile Telemedicine • m-Health – Mobile health Information Technology refers to use of portable devices to create, store, retrieve and transmit data in real time between the end users (patients and doctors) • 3.5 billion mobile phones in use across the globe – number growing, more in developing countries offer great potential in tele-medicine.

  48. Mobile Evolution (1998 – 2018)

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