1. By: Ashley McClave Cardiovascular Disease

2. What is Cardiovascular Heart Disease? • It is a disease of the heart and blood vessels which mainly is due to Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a plaque build up in the walls of the arteries narrowing the path for blood flow, and can lead to a blood clot causing a heart attack or stroke. • Cardiovascular disease is the number one worldwide killer among men and women today. Above all other causes of death as in cancer, cardiovascular disease accounts for 40% of all deaths in the United States. Although, it can be hereditary there are ways to prevent it.

3. Stroke & Heart Disease • The two most common of cardiovascular disease is a heart attack and stroke. A heart attack is a result of a blood clot in the arteries of the heart restricting blow flood.

4. Take charge of your health, BEFORE IT’S TOO LATE! • If you experience • Chest pain (angina) • Shortness of breath • Numbness • High cholesterol • Weakness or coldness in your legs or arms • See a doctor, you may have cardiovascular disease.

5. Caution: Know the signs of a heart attack and. • Some may be in denial as it is happening resulting in more damage or death. • If you experience: • Chest pain that last a few minutes with uncomfortable pressure, tightness • Pain in areas of the upper body as in both arms, the back, neck, jaw, or stomach • Shortness of breath • Cold sweat • Nausea • Lightheadedness YOU MAY BE HAVING A HEART ATTACK! CALL 9-1-1!

6. Caution: Know the signs of a stroke. YOU MAY BE HAVING A STROKE! CALL 9-1-1!

7. CARDIAC ARREST WILL SOON OCCUR SO CPR AND AN AED WILL BE NEEDED ASAP UNTIL PARAMEDICS ARRIVE.

8. Causes • Know the causes and prevent this from damaging your heart. • Atherosclerosis - most common cause • Unhealthy diet • Lack of exercise • Obesity • Smoking • Congenital heart defects • High blood pressure • Diabetes • Smoking • Excessive use of alcohol or caffeine • Drug abuse • Stress • Hereditary

9. Prevention • Risk factors you can not control • Your age • Your sex (more common in males) • Family history

10. Prevention • Risk factors you can prevent • NO SMOKING! • POOR DIET- Eat heart healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and whole grains, low in saturated fat, cholesterol and sodium, -monitor salt intake, eat fish 2 times a week, avoid a lot of meats, some say a glass of wine a night helps • HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE- Should be kept at 120/80 and this determines how hard your heart contracts (systolic) and relaxes (diastolic) • HIGH BLOOD CHOLOESTEROL LEVELS- LDL levels and HDL • DIABETES- Control your blood sugar levels • PHYSICAL INACTIVITY- Exercise 3-5x a week recommended, and should work at a % of your heart rate and should not go above target heart rate • HIGH STRESS- Practice ways to reduce your stress levels • POOR HYGEINE- Stay clean and do not get sick! • OBESITY- Your waist to hip ratio being high meaning you’re overweight is a big risk factor

11. For people that have a sedentary lifestyle, bad habits and choices are at risk. Some may appear to be healthy in shape people because they are not obese this is not always true. And sometimes unfortunately with staying healthy your family history can still cause heart disease.

12. Healthy heart vs unhealthy heart • The unhealthy heart (right) is larger and paler. The lighter spot in the middle indicates that this person had a heart attack. That scarred vessel was unable to bring blood to the heart, and the damage can be seen on the inside.

13. Sources • http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease/DS01120/DSECTION=prevention • http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=3053 • http://www.strokeassociation.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=3042656