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Burns

Kathy Sheriff, RN, BSN. Burns. Definition. Tissue damage caused by intense heat, electricity, radiation, or certain chemicals, all of which denature cell proteins and cause cell death in the affected areas. Severe Burns. Life threatening Extreme loss of body fluids

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Burns

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  1. Kathy Sheriff, RN, BSN Burns

  2. Definition • Tissue damage caused by intense heat, electricity, radiation, or certain chemicals, all of which denature cell proteins and cause cell death in the affected areas

  3. Severe Burns • Life threatening • Extreme loss of body fluids • Proteins and electrolyte imbalance • 1000s of extra calories needed • IV or gastric tube feeding • Kidneys shutdown • Circulatory shock • Infection Risk/ Sepsis

  4. Immediate Treatment • Replace lost body fluids • IV STAT

  5. Burn Charts for BSA • Rule of Nines for adults and Lund- Browder for children • Burns are critical • >25% 2nd degree burns • >10% 3rd degree burns • 3rd degree burns of the face, hands, or feet

  6. First Degree Burns • Epidermis • Localized redness, swelling, and pain • Heals in a few days • Sunburn

  7. Second Degree • Partial thickness • Epidermis and upper region of dermis • Symptoms of first degree plus blisters/bullae • Repair in 3 to 4 weeks as long as infection is prevented

  8. Third Degree • Full-thickness • Entire area of skin involved • Gray-white, cherry red, or blackened • No pain • Initially little or no edema • Skin grafting • Debridement of eschar • Extensive scarring

  9. Resources • http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/injuries_poisoning/burns/burns.html#v1112906 • http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/19575.htm • http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/medical/IM04388

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