Logic

Logic Inductive and Deductive Reasoning

Inductive Deductive“Indian-Tepee Model” Specific Details (Generalizations) Details (General) Specific

Inductive Reasoning • Focuses on specific information/observations • Searches for patterns or connections in it • Constructs a general statement that explains what you have observed • Makes further observations to see if your general statement applies; if it doesn’t, adjust accordingly

Deductive Reasoning • The process of drawing a conclusion from available information or generalizations • Deductive reasoning allows you to apply what you have learned. • Identifies the specific situation • Identifies the generalizations or principles that apply to it • Determines if the specific situation meets the conditions necessary for those generalizations or principles to apply • Identifies any conclusions that can drawn or predictions that can be made IF THEY DO APPLY

Deductive Reasoning Examples • The baseball coach knows the opposing batter hits fast-balls well, so she instructs her pitcher not to throw a fast-ball. • Dobermans are dogs. Max is a Doberman. Max is a dog.

Pop Quiz Inductive Or Deductive

What kind of reasoning? Sherlock says to Dr. Watson: “It is elementary my dear Watson. The killer always left a silk glove at the scene of the murder. That was his calling card. Our investigations showed that only three people have purchased such gloves in the past year. Of these, Professor Doolally and Reverend Fisheye have iron-clad alibis, so the murderer must have been Sergeant Heavyset. When he tried to murder us with that umbrella, we knew we had our man.

This is inductive reasoning! • In a crime, you have the evidence, the goal is to use inductive reasoning to determine how the evidence came to be as it is.

House and Bones Examples

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Presentation Transcript

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