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Understanding Bound Systems and Spectra: Key Concepts in Quantum Physics

Explore the fundamental principles of quantum physics related to energy eigenstates, spin properties of particles, and spin-orbit coupling interactions. Topics covered include energy level diagrams, spin-orbit coupling, Stern-Gerlach experiment, and more.

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Understanding Bound Systems and Spectra: Key Concepts in Quantum Physics

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  1. Bound Systems and Spectra Chp Q7,8

  2. Key Concepts… • Energy Eigenstates are never “exact” – time evolution rule implies that high energy states “evolve” to lowest possible states • Energy level diagrams help to “conceptualize” this • Particles have an intrinsic property called spin.

  3. Key Concepts… • Spin and orbital angular momenta interact in a complex way to give spin-orbit coupling and help explain the selection rules of atomic physics/chemistry

  4. Examples… • Stern-Gerlach Experiment • Space quantization • Spin is an intrinsic “angular-momentum-like” property • Fermions are “spin-one-half” particles • Bosons are integer spin particles Question: electrons, protons and neutron are all spin-1/2. What is “odd” about the neutron as a spin-1/2 particle?

  5. Examples… • 21 cm line emission from neutral Hydrogen • To small an energy to be explained by energy level transition

  6. From Carrots to Quantum Physics! • Why are carrots orange?

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