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Indian Geography & Ancient India

Indian Geography & Ancient India. Artwork from the Mahabharata. Geography of India. India is a subcontinent - large land mass, smaller than a continent Northern Mountain Rim a. Hindu Kush Mountains are in the northwest b. Himalayas are in the northeast

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Indian Geography & Ancient India

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  1. Indian Geography & Ancient India Artwork from the Mahabharata

  2. Geography of India • India is a subcontinent- large land mass, smaller than a continent • Northern Mountain Rim a. Hindu Kush Mountains are in the northwest b. Himalayas are in the northeast c. Environment makes farming difficult https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hTVNidxg2s

  3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkd_7FbD_qs – Himalayas and trade barriers

  4. The Northern Plains • Lie between the Himalayas and southern India • Ganges River flows through Bangladesh into the Bay of Bengal; carries rich sediments that create fertile soil • Indus River flows through Pakistan into the Arabian Sea • River deltas create fertile soil

  5. Ganges River http://proof.nationalgeographic.com/2014/08/04/chasing-the-sacred-down-the-ganges-from-snow-to-sea/ - Ganges https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkPwEuflhKo

  6. HINGE QUESTIONS WHAT ARE BARRIERS AND CORRIDORS? WHAT TRADE BARRIERS & CORRIDORS EXIST IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT (THINK GEOGRAPHY)

  7. Deccan Plateau • Makes up most of southern India • Known for mineral deposits and forests https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ewXTyC51kDY

  8. Climate • Three main seasons: cool, hot, and rainy • Southern India is hot year round • Monsoon Cycle: Seasonal winds bring heavy rains to the region • Agriculture depends on timing of the monsoons http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6tJAXoM5eoI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9peDRkO-TLc – Monsoon Explanation

  9. Ancient Indian History • Indus River Valley Civilizations a. Develop around Indus River Valley (Harappan & Mohenjo-daro) b. Highly advanced civilizations c. Known for advanced agriculture, irrigation, and granaries

  10. HINGE QUESTION WHY MIGHT PEOPLE HAVE SETTLED NEAR THE INDUS RIVER VALLEY?

  11. Used complex weights and measures and had their own script (Harappa) • Settlements had planned streets, public buildings, and a water system • Demise is a mystery; possibly falls around 1900 BC after floods and outside attacks http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n7ndRwqJYDM&list=UUX6b17PVsYBQ0ip5gyeme-Q&index=7&feature=plcp

  12. City of Harappa

  13. Mohenjo-daro (The Great Bath)

  14. HINGE QUESTION WHAT TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES WERE MADE BY THE INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATIONS?

  15. The Aryan Invasion • Lighter skinned people arrive through the Hindu Kush Mountains • Migrated from the West through Iran

  16. Aryans had a different language, Sanskrit • Were nomadic herders • Aryans had new technology such as iron weapons • Eventually became the dominant class in India

  17. Hinduism • Hindu religion forms out of Aryan practices and beliefs • Caste System develops • Believe in karma and reincarnation • HINGE: #20 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oh_xvKLhZHg

  18. Mauryan Dynasty (321-185 BC) • Founded by descendants of the Aryans • Emperor Ashoka is considered the most significant ruler 1. Creates a unified government 2. Makes Buddhism the state religion 3. Conquered the entire Indian subcontinent https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Nn5uqE3C9w

  19. Asoka refuses to wage war after conversion to Buddhism • Tries to extend social support within his empire; writes “Principles for a Just Government” • Empire declines after Asoka’s death in 232 BC; falls in 185 BC • Hinge #22

  20. Gupta Dynasty (320-550 AD) • Renaissance of Hinduism begins as princes promote priestly castes • Golden age of art, science, and literature under Chandragupta II • Chandragupta make vassals of neighboring rulers • Sanskrit literature blossoms; Mahabharata is written

  21. Hinge #24

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