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NASA AIRS Project Highlights ( JPL/GSFC)

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NASA AIRS Project Highlights ( JPL/GSFC)

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  1. Atmospheric Sounding Product Development and Cal/Val Activities at NASA using AIRS/AMSU on Aqua, CrIMSS on SNPP, and NAST-I on NASA High-altitude Aircraft PlatformsPresented to CGMS-41 Working Group II, WGII/4T. Pagano1, A. Larar2, E. Fetzer1, B. Lambrigtsen1, J. Teixeira1, Steve Friedman1, Daniel Zhou2, XuLiu2, Joel Susskind31NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory2NASA Langley Research Center3NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center

  2. NASA AIRS Project Highlights (JPL/GSFC) • Operations: AIRS fully operational and expected to last at least another 10 years. Recovered 50 channels • Calibration: AIRS, CrIS and IASI radiometric calibration agree to within 50 mK under clear tropical ocean conditions. • Product Development: Version 6 Products released in February 2013 at the GES/DISC. Reprocessing almost complete. Improved bias, yield and reduced trend. Demonstrated retrievals using CrIS/ATMS data • Product Test and Validation: Released V6 test report complete. • Science Usage: Over 100 peer reviewed publications using AIRS data released in 2012

  3. GES/DISC AIRS/AMSU is Part of the International Operational Weather Forecast System AIRS/AMSU on Aqua AIRS Direct Broadcast Water Vapor NASA Groundstations Direct Broadcast ImprovedPrecip Forecasts AIRS Spectra Near Real Time Assimilation NCEP, ECMWF, and UKMet Operational Forecasts Near Real Time Product Generation Scientific Community and Operational Agencies (Volcanic SO2) 6 Hrs on 5 Day Improvement on Operational Forecast

  4. IR Sounders Rank High on Operational Forecast Impact JPL/ GSFC IR Sounders NOAANESDIS/NCEP JCSDA • Third Highest Impact to Forecasts • AMSU has 4 Instruments • IASI is also an IR Sounder • Cardinali and Healy 2012

  5. AIRS NEdT’s stable for most detectors. Some impacted by radiation Example impact to noise due to radiation damage NEdT’s Pre-launch Match Current 50 Channels Recovered Using Redundant Detectors Pre-Launch: 1856 Channels “Good” 180 were “Poor”: High Noise but Usable 68 were “Bad”: Non-Gaussian Noise, Un-usable

  6. AIRS/AMSU Data Products Validation Status Temperature Water Vapor Cloud Properties Ozone Carbon Monoxide Methane Carbon Dioxide

  7. NAST-I Activities Benefit Atmospheric Sounding • NAST-I satellite under-flights improve SDRs, EDRs, and CDRs, and enable inter-platform cross-validation • Retrieval algorithm enhancements improve EDRs & CDRs • Fast RT modeling enables handling data volume to come from future sensors and more accurate / efficient data assimilation

  8. NAST-I Team Sounding-related Contributions • NAST-I satellite under-flights • Validation activities verify / improve SDRs, EDRs, and CDRs • Under-flying multiple satellites enables cross-validation (e.g. IASI vs AIRS vsCrIS), critical for climate measurement continuity (CDRs) • Retrieval algorithms • Algorithm verification / enhancement improves EDRs & CDRs (CrIMSS and LaRC-unique algorithms) • Radiative transfer modeling • Fast RT model development (PCRTM) enables handling data volume to come from next generation sensors and more accurate / efficient data assimilation (e.g. NWP)

  9. NASA / NPOESS Airborne Sounder Testbed - Interferometer (NAST-I) Overview • Validation tool • AQUA/SNPP/JPSS risk mitigation • Airborne science • Engineering testbed NAST has flown ~ 175 mission sorties accumulating ~ 950 hours of flight data in 19 field experiments [e.g., CAMEX, C-IOP, WV-IOP, TRACE-P, IHOP, CRYSTAL-FACE, INTEX, EAQUATE, JAIVEx, SNPP] IR Michelson Interferometer Spectral range: 3.5 - 16 m (630 – 2700 cm-1) Spectral res.: 0.25 cm-1 (/ > 2000 ) Spatial res.: 130m/km flight alt. A/C platforms: ER-2, Proteus, WB-57 Radiometric Measurement Capability Radiances <0.5 K absolute accuracy, ~ 0.1 K precision “Upwelling” IR Radiance Spectrum: Earth + Atmosphere

  10. Fast Radiative Transfer Model Evolves from NAST-I Program Challenge IASI CO retrieved using PCRTM Comparison of IASI instrument measured and PCRTM model calculated Mean spectra Without CO IASI noise OBS - CALC With CO LaRC approach CO (ppmv) CLARREO (IR) PCRTM Simulated spectra: LBL vs PCRTM • Modern hyperspectral sensors have high information content, but handling data volume is problematic • Two orders of magnitude more spectral channels and increased dimensionality (i.e. imaging) than traditional sensors [e.g., GOES (19), MODIS (36), AIRS (2378), IASI (8461), NAST-I (8632), TES (> 15000), HES (> 30000), …] • Only a few hundred channels are typically used in physical retrievals and data assimilation, due to computational expense, yielding sub-optimal results • Developed a super fast/accurate RT model in Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) domain—Principal Component Radiative Transfer Model (PCRTM) • Enables operational processing alternative, and independent FM, radiance, and geophysical product validation • Order of magnitude faster than current channel-by-channel based RT models • Validated using clear scenes from NAST-I, AIRS, & IASI, and accuracy compares favorably with international community standards (e.g. ITWG RTA inter-comparison) • Implemented within a physical retrieval using all channels • Implemented for other sensors and spectral regions (e.g. CrIS, CLARREO, & O2 A-band at OCO / SCIAMACHY)

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