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COMMAS

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COMMAS

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  1. , , , , , , , COMMAS , , , , , , , , ,

  2. COMMAS • A COMMA is a punctuation mark used to indicate a brief pause, or to separate ideas, or in listing multiple things.

  3. What are some rules for using commas?(Using Commas worksheet A) • Use commas to separate three or more words, phrases, or clauses when making a list. • EXAMPLE: • The café offered fruit juice, iced tea, and sparkling water. • (The café offered)(fruit juice)(,)(iced tea)(,)and sparkling water. • The café offered fruit juice iced tea and sparkling water.

  4. What are some rules for using commas?(Using Commas worksheet B) • Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) that joins independent clauses into a compound sentence. • EXAMPLE: • John thought he was late, and he rushed through the parking lot. • (John thought he was late)(,)(and)(he rushed through the parking lot.)

  5. What are some rules for using commas?(Using Commas worksheet B) • Use a comma to separate adjectives of equal rank when describing a noun. • EXAMPLE: • We received a warm, joyful welcome from our neighbors. • (We received a warm)(,)(joyful welcome from our neighbors.) • We received a warm joyful welcome from our neighbors.

  6. What are some rules for using commas?(Using Commas worksheet C) • Use commas to set off a nonessential phrase or a nonessential subordinate clause. • A nonessential (or nonrestrictive) phrase or clause adds information that isn’t needed to understand the meaning of a sentence. • This means that the phrase/clause can be left out without changing the main idea of the sentence.

  7. What are some rules for using commas?(Using Commas worksheet C) • NONESSENTIAL PHRASE: Our nation, made up mostly of immigrants, is one of the largest in the world. • NONESSENTIAL CLAUSE: The mix of ideas and cultures, which comes from all over the world, has helped to make us great.

  8. What are some rules for using commas?(Using Commas Worksheet D) • Use commas to set off APPOSITIVES. • Appositives are a noun or noun phrase that renames another noun beside it. • Appositives and appositive phrases are also used to provide non-essential information, but define the noun.

  9. EXAMPLES OF APPOSITIVES: • My cousin is the only one of my cousins who came to the party. (Which cousin?) • My cousin, Gwen, is the only one of my cousins who came to the party. • My student broke his jaw. (Which student?) • My student, Anton, broke his jaw. Remember that an appositive DEFINES and gives FURTHER DETAIL to the noun that comes before it.

  10. What are some rules for using commas?(Using Commas worksheet E) • Use a comma after an introductory word, phrase, or clause. • EXAMPLE: • If you go to the play, how will you get your homework finished? • (If you go to the play)(,)(how will you get your homework finished?)

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