Atmosphere and Weather

1. Atmosphere and Weather Understands the relationship between location on ______ and ___________ patterns. Understands the factors that are used to predict _______

2. What do we associate (weather wise) when we go south? ex. Birds flying south? Portland weather vs. our weather or the county's weather? Bonus Question: which way do you think birds fly in Australia to get to warmer weather?

3. Generally, as ____________(or distance from the equator) increases, the amount of incoming solar ____________ decreases. The hottest part of Earth is near the _________, where the ______ is almost directly overhead.

4. The North and South Poles are much cooler... Why? (please write down thoughts) Flashlight example:

5. Temperature and Earth's Rotation As the earth __________, the portion of the globe facing the sun absorbs _______ solar radiation that it emits and warms the earth.

6. Earth constantly emits some of the absorbed energy as ______ radiation. The _______ of heat cools the dark side of the planet. Have you ever noticed that clear nights are often cooler than cloudy ones?

7. On a cloudy night, less of the emitted _______ escapes into space. Clouds absorb heat, keeping temperatures near the ground a little _________. In the summer, the arctics regions have daylight almost around the clock. With all that time to absorb heat, why don't they get very warm? Please record your thoughts!

8. 1.) Sunlight does not get that __________. 2.) Snow _______ the sunlight so only a small percentage is __________.

9. Why does the earth have ________? ___________ from the sun has very little to do with the seasons. The reason we have seasons is that Earth's ____ is tilted at an angle. In _______, the northern hemisphere is tilted _______ from the sun, and the southern hemisphere is tilted _______ the sun. As a result it is ________ in the Northern Hemisphere and _______ in the Southern Hemisphere

10. Global Winds and Ocean Currents Have you ever seen a hawk soaring above a highway and wonder how it could fly upward without flapping it wings? The hawk is riding a ______________________________ in the atmosphere.

11. A ______________________ forms when a surface like a blacktop highway absorbs solar radiation and emits energy as heat. That heat warms the air near the surface. The ________ air molecules gain kinetic energy and spread out. As a result, the heated air near the highway becomes less ______ than the colder air above it. The heated air _____ forcing the colder air to move aside and _____ toward the ground. A convection current is formed!!!

12. These form on a local level, but also as giant convections in the ___________. These form by ____________ differences between the ________ and the ________________. Warm air at the ______ tends to rise and flows toward the ___________. Cooler denser air from the ______ sinks and flows back toward the _____________.

14. When air flows horizontally from an area of high density and pressure in an area of low density and pressure, we call the flowing air ___________. It might seem logical that air would flow in giant circles from the equator to the poles and back. But it is more complicated than that. The warm air from the ______ doesn't make it all the way to the ______ because of Earth's __________.

15. There are a series of wind patterns called _____________ in each hemisphere these cells play a large role in shaping weather patterns on Earth.

16. The Coriolis Effect Example: You are a pilot who wants to fly an airplane from St.Paul MN 700 miles south to Little Rock, AR If you set your compass and try to fly straight south, you would probably end up in New Mexico. Why? As you are flying overhead, Earth is rotating _____________ beneath you.

17. The same thing happens with air currents. Because of Earth's _______, cold air from the North Pole flowing south seems to ________ to the west while warm air from the equator flowing north seem to bend to the east. The ________ Effect: the _________ of air _________.