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Witness protection in human trafficking cases. Victims of trafficking as witnesses. Victims in countries of destination and origin Mainly women and children Traumatic experience Controlled by traffickers travel documents are taken use of threats and violence
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Victims of trafficking as witnesses • Victims in countries of destination and origin • Mainly women and children • Traumatic experience • Controlled by traffickers • travel documents are taken • use of threats and violence • use of isolation and circulation • dependency
Why trafficked victims do not testify? • Never get the opportunity to (deportation) • No specific legislation on trafficking • Fear of reprisals • Lack of faith in the police • Fear of being prosecuted as illegal immigrant • Long trial
Victim/witness protection model • Police, trafficking unit • protection and investigation • NGO • protection and support • IOM • repatriation • COOPERATION