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The Periodic Table of Elements

The Periodic Table of Elements. Dmitri Mendeleev published the first periodic table in 1869 Made it possible for scientists to predict the existence of elements that had not been discovered yet. Organization. Periodic means- happening at regular intervals

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The Periodic Table of Elements

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  1. The Periodic Table of Elements • Dmitri Mendeleev published the first periodic table in 1869 • Made it possible for scientists to predict the existence of elements that had not been discovered yet

  2. Organization Periodic means- happening at regular intervals • Arranged in increasing atomic mass and atomic number • Periods are the horizontal rows of elements • Same number of energy levels for electrons • Groups or families are the vertical column of elements • Share chemical properties • Same # of valence electrons

  3. Groups are vertical Periods are horizontal

  4. Periodic Law • The repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change periodically with the element atomic number

  5. Metals, Nonmetals, & Metalloids • Metals • Most elements are metals • Found to the left of the zigzag line • Properties: malleable or ductile, good electric & thermal conductors

  6. Nonmetals • Found to the right of the zigzag line • Properties: malleable or ductile

  7. Metalloids • Border the zigzag line • Properties of metals and nonmetals • Properties: shiny, brittle, hard, good conductors of electric current

  8. Groups • Alkali metals- found in group 1 of the periodic table • Contains metals • Electrons in outer energy level 1 • Electrons in the out level (VE) 1 • Very reactive • Properties: soft, silver in color, shiny, low density

  9. Alkaline-Earth Metals- found in group 2 of the periodic table • Contains metals • Electrons in outer level (VE) 2 • Very reactive, but less than alkali metals • Properties: silver in color, higher density than alkali metals

  10. Transition Metals- found in groups 3-12 of the periodic table • Contains metals • Electrons in the outer energy level (VE) 1 or 2 • Less reactive than alkaline earth metal group • Properties: shiny, good conductors of thermal energy & electric current, higher densities and melting points of groups 1 and 2

  11. Halogens- found in group 17 of the periodic table • Contains nonmetals • Electrons in the outer energy level (VE) 7 • Very reactive • Properties: poor conductors of electric current, violent reactions with alkali metals to form salts, never in pure form in nature

  12. Nobel Gases- found in group 18 of the periodic table • Contains nonmetals • Electrons in the outer energy level (VE) 8 • Nonreactive • Properties: colorless, odorless, gases at room temperature

  13. Vocabulary • Make index cards for the following terms for homework. Periodicalkali metal Periodalkaline-earth metal Grouphalogen Periodic law noble gas Valence electron

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