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“Manifest destiny and westward expansion”

“Manifest destiny and westward expansion”. Mr. Calella American Studies I (Honors ) & Honors U.S. I. Essential question & Big ideas. EXPANSION & CONFLICT Why do countries expand their borders? Pros and cons of doing so? . Manifest destiny (expansion).

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“Manifest destiny and westward expansion”

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  1. “Manifest destiny and westward expansion” Mr. Calella American Studies I (Honors) & Honors U.S. I

  2. Essential question & Big ideas • EXPANSION & CONFLICT • Why do countries expand their borders? Pros and cons of doing so?

  3. Manifest destiny (expansion) • DEFINITION: U.S. destiny to expand from Atlantic to Pacific Ocean • John L. O’Sullivan quote • “manifest” means obvious • Many Americans held this belief • Expansion fever hit in the 1840s • Why do you think that Americans felt that this destiny was obvious? • Why do you think people moved west? • How would you feel if you were Mexican or Native American?

  4. Manifest destiny: activity

  5. Effects on native Americans • Why did Native Americans want to prevent settlers from pushing west? • How did settlers and gov’t justify taking Indian land? • Whites’ effect on Indians (CONFLICT) • Took, stole, tricked to get land • Disease (small pox, measles, flu, cholera) • Extermination • Alcohol • Sport killing of buffalo

  6. The Black Hawk War • Early 1830s, settlers in Iowa & Illinois pressuring Indians west of Mississippi R. • Chief Black Hawk starts a war in Wisconsin Territory to end this push • Lost war and many of his people killed • His people forced further west • READ ALOUD Black Hawk’s Farewell Speech, THEN PAIR UP FOR DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

  7. Native Americans (continued) • Fort Laramie Treaty • To avoid further conflict peace conference held • Between whites and Plains Tribes (Cheyenne, Sioux, Crow) • Indians given land in Central Plains and they agreed not to attack settlers • Why and how was the land important to Native Americans? How is land ownership important today?

  8. Trails to the west • Pioneers followed trails made by Indians, traders and fur trappers • “Jumping Off Point”-Independence, Missouri • The Santa Fe Trail • Missouri to New Mexico • Trade Trail • 800 miles, 3 months in covered wagons • Why do you think wagons traveled in groups?

  9. Trails to the West (continued) • The Oregon Trail (Read Aloud page 110) • Missouri to Oregon (same as L&C) • Cholera, accidents, and buffalo dung • Used wagons, but most walked • What would you bring? • What dangers/hardships did they face? • The Mormon Migration • Started in NY and moved west to escape religious persecution • Moved to get religious freedom • Ended up near Great Salt Lake in present-day Utah

  10. The oregon trail

  11. Resolving Territorial disputes • U.S. and England jointly holding Oregon Territory • England agrees to give Oregon to U.S. • Northern boundary kept at 49 degrees latitude from Rocky Mountains to Puget Sound

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