1 / 19

Section 1: Describing Matter

Section 1: Describing Matter. What kinds of properties are used to describe matter? What are elements, and how do they relate to compounds? What are the properties of a mixture?. Compare the particles in each example:. Aluminum Foil Table Salt Wood.

tsmothers
Télécharger la présentation

Section 1: Describing Matter

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Section 1: Describing Matter • What kinds of properties are used to describe matter? • What are elements, and how do they relate to compounds? • What are the properties of a mixture?

  2. Compare the particles in each example: • Aluminum Foil Table Salt Wood

  3. The most basic type of matter/can’t be broken down further

  4. 1. Elements • The building blocks of all matter in the universe • Cannot be broken down into any other substances Elements

  5. 1. Elements (continued) • There are about 100 different types of elements (listed in periodic table) Examples: • O = • N = • H = • C = • Cu = • Al = Oxygen Nitrogen Helium Carbon Copper Aluminum

  6. 1. Elements (continued) • Each type of element has its own properties Cl = Chlorine Cu = Copper Br = Bromine

  7. 1. Elements (continued) • Atoms = basic particles from which all elements are made • Different atom = different element • Aluminum - Chlorine • Sodium - Oxygen

  8. So, if there are only about 100 or so elements (building blocks) how come there are so many different examples of matter (stuff)?

  9. 2. Compounds • When 2 or more elements combine chemically (bonded together) + = Element Element Compound Chlorine Sodium Sodium Chloride (salt)

  10. 2. Compounds (continued) • Atoms of the different elements are in a fixed ratio • Written as chemical formulas (letters and numbers) Examples: • Water = H2O • Carbon dioxide = CO2 • Glucose = C6H12O6

  11. 2. Compounds (continued) • When ratios change, a different compound results • CO = carbon monoxide • CO2 = carbon dioxide

  12. 2. Compounds (continued) • Compounds have different properties than the individual elements that make them up + = Element Element Compound Chlorine (Cl) Silver (Ag) Silver Chloride (AgCl) Shiny, gray metal Yellow/green gas Solid white crystals

  13. Most of the stuff around us is NOTorbut… Compounds Elements Mixtures

  14. 3. Mixtures • Contain of 2 or more elements, compounds, or both in the same place • The components are NOT combined chemically

  15. 3. Mixtures (continued) • Easy to separate (magnets, filtering, evaporating) • Example: saltwater (salt in water, but salt stays salt, water remains water)

  16. 3. Mixtures (continued) • Each substance keeps its own properties (salt = white grains, water = clear liquid) • Do not have to be in a fixed ratio (lots of salt or a little salt, its still saltwater)

  17. 3. Mixtures (continued) • There are 2 Types of Mixtures: 1. Heterogeneous Mixtures - Different parts are visible - Examples: Salad Soil Pencil

  18. 3. Mixtures (continued) 2. Homogeneous Mixtures - Evenly mixed, looks the same throughout - Examples: Saltwater Air Brass

  19. Practice Questions • How are elements and compounds similar? How are they different? • Plants make a sugar compound with the formula C6H12O6. What elements make up this compound? • Look at the following chemical formulas: H2O2 and H2O. Do these formulas represent the same compound? Explain. 4. How does a heterogeneous mixture differ from a homogenous mixture? • Why is it correct to say that saltwater is a mixture? • Suppose you stir baking soda into water until the water looks clear throughout. How could you prove to someone that the clear material is a solution, not a compound?

More Related