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Chapter 5

Chapter 5. Nomenclature. 5.1 Naming Compounds. Binary compounds: 2 elements are joined by a bond Ionic compound Metal + nonmetal Covalent compound Nonmetal + nonmetal. 5.2 Naming Binary Compounds. Type I Metals present forms only type of cation E.g +1 charge Type II

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Chapter 5

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  1. Chapter 5 Nomenclature

  2. 5.1 Naming Compounds • Binary compounds: 2 elements are joined by a bond • Ionic compound • Metal + nonmetal • Covalent compound • Nonmetal + nonmetal

  3. 5.2 Naming Binary Compounds • Type I • Metals present forms only type of cation • E.g +1 charge • Type II • Metals can form two or more cations that have different charges • E.g +2, +3 etc… charges

  4. Rules for Naming Type I • The cation is always named first and the anion second • The name of cation stays the same • Na+ = Sodium • The name of anion takes the first part of the root name and adding –ide • Cl- = Cloride

  5. Steps in naming a compound • CsF • Step 1 • Identify the cations and anion (as well as the group number • Step 2 • Name the cation • Step 3 • Name the anion • Step 4 • Name the compound by combining the names

  6. Common Type I Ions

  7. Example • Name each binary compound • AlCl3 • ZnS • BaH2 • MgO

  8. Naming Binary Ionic CompoundType II • Contains metals mostly from the transitional group • Must use Roman numeral to indicate their charges E.g +2 = II +3 = III +4 = IV

  9. Common Type II Ions

  10. Example • Give the system of each of the following compounds • PbCl4 • CoCl3 • Fe2O3 • CrI3

  11. 5.3 Naming Binary Contain Only Nonmetals (Type III) • The first element in the formula is named first and the full element name is used • The second element is named as though it were an anion ( -ide ending) • Prefixes is used to indicate the number of atoms present. (prefer to table 5.3) • The prefix mono- is never used for naming the first element.

  12. Example • Name the following compound • CCl4 • SiO2 • P4O6 • NO

  13. Naming Binary Compounds: a Review

  14. 5.5 Naming Compounds that Contain Polyatomic Ions • Polyatomic ions – two or more nonmetals are covalently bonded and have charges • Can be positively charge or negatively charge • Oxyanion – nonmetal is bonded to an oxygen element and carried a negative charge

  15. Common Polyatomic Ions

  16. Example • Name the following compounds • Na2CO3 • CsClO3 • Fe(OH)2 • Ca(HCO3)2

  17. Naming Acids • Acids – substance that produces H+ when dissolve in water • Prefix hydro is used when the anion does not contain oxygen and the suffix –ic is attached to the root name of element • When the anion contains oxygen, the acid name is formed from the root name of the central element of the anion or the anion name, with a suffix of –ic or -ous

  18. Flow Chart

  19. Example • Name the following acids • HCl • HF • HBrO4 • H2SO4 • HCN

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