GIS Lecture 10 Extensions

1. GIS Lecture 10 Extensions

2. Outline • Extensions Overview • Free Add On Applications • Network Analyst • Spatial Analyst • 3D Analyst • Community Visualization tools • TerraSim • Keyhole • Extensions Review

3. ArcGIS Extensions • http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/arcgisxtensions/ The following ArcGIS Extension products add specialized tools and functionality to ArcView, ArcEditor and ArcInfo. • 3D Analyst • Business Analyst • Geostatistical Analyst • Military Analyst • Publisher • Schematics • Spatial Analyst • StreetMap • Survey Analyst • Tracking Analyst • ArcPress • ArcScan • Job Tracking • MrSID Encoder

4. Free ArcGIS Add-Ons • ArcWeb Toolbar • Tablet PC Support for ArcGIS • ArcMap GPS Support • Districting for ArcGIS

5. Network Analyst • Solves a variety of problems based on geographic networks including: • Most efficient travel routes • Travel directions • Closest emergency vehicle or service facility to an incident • Service areas or sales territories based on travel time

6. Delivery Route • - This path represents a delivery truck route. • - With the Network Analyst, the dispatcher can define a route that with stop at each restaurant in the most efficient order and return to the warehouse.

7. Shortest and Fastest Path • -This path represents the shortest linear distance between the two locations. • - This path represents the fastest path between the same two locations used in the previous example. • - Fastest paths are based on time. You can use any measure of time ( seconds, minutes, hours, etc.)

8. Service Areas • - Overlapping and nested service areas are individual polygons. • - This allows you to use ArcView's spatial analysis tools to determine which customers or how many customers are in each service area or if any customers are serviced by more than one site.

9. Areas within a Distance • This example shows which areas are within a 10 minute walking distance of different bus stops (service area and network) and which bus routes (find best route) are serviced by the stops.

10. Spatial Analyst • Grid based layers • Geographic data to attempt to describe, simulate or predict a real-world problem or system • Creates continuous surfaces from scattered point features • Maps easy to read

11. Grid Layers • Divides geographic space into uniform blocks called cells • Every cell represents a certain specified portion of the earth, such as a square kilometer or square meter • Each cell is given a value that describes the site, such as elevation or landuse type

12. Wild Fire Predictions • Original wind direction grid. • Using Spatial Analyst, add 90 degrees to each cell value in the first grid to generate a second wind direction grid.

13. Wild Fire Predictions

14. Soil Information • Farmers can determine the soil pH values

15. Hydrology Maps • Flow direction grid from an elevation grid • Hypothetical spill points, shown by white dots, on the elevation grid. Spatial Analyst uses the flow direction and elevation values to compute the contaminant's probable downhill path.

16. 3D Analyst

17. 3D Analyst Overview • 3D Analyst Extension • Surfaces • Grids • TINS • 3D Shapefiles • 3D Scenes • Examples

18. Surface Model • A geographic surface, or surface model, represents a spatial quantity or phenomenon that can be measured continuously over some part of the earth • Terrain Elevations • DEM - Digital Elevation Model • DTM - Digital Terrain Model

19. Other Surface Examples Geographic phenomena - Soil type - Land cover - Temperature - Rainfall - Population density

20. Surface Model (Elevations) • Sample elevation points that can be used to generate a surface model. • A set of sample elevation points. Each point has x,y values and a z value, which defines its elevation.

21. Surface Model (Elevations) • A surface model generated from the points and displayed in 3D perspective.

22. Grids • A grid defines geographic space as a matrix of identically-sized square cells. • Each cell holds a numeric value that measures a geographic attribute (like elevation) for that unit of space. • When the grid is drawn as a map, cells are assigned colors according to their numeric values.

23. Grids • A grid divides geographic space into cells of equal size. Each cell stores a number that measures a geographic value at that location. In this case, the numbers reflect elevation in meters.

24. Grids • An elevation grid drawn in a view. The cell values are classified by numeric range and symbolized with different colors.

25. Grid Example • Proposed shopping center plan displayed on a graded elevation surface

26. TIN • (Triangulated Irregular Network) • A TIN is a data structure that defines geographic space as a set of contiguous, non-overlapping triangles, which vary in size and angular proportion.

27. TIN Structure • Defined by two elements: a set of input points with x,y, and z values, and a series of edges connecting these points to form triangles. • Each input point becomes the node of a triangle in the TIN structure, and the output is a continuous faceted surface of triangles.

28. TIN • The TIN structure, showing nodes (sample elevation points) and the triangles generated from them.

29. TIN Example • Santa Barbara elevation surface

30. 3D Shapefiles • Displays discrete geographic features • Buildings • Rivers • Wells • Roads in 3D

31. 3D Shapefiles • Attributes of a 2D shapefile • Attributes of a 3D shapefile

32. 3D Contours • Mt. Saint Helens • Start with a 2D Contour Map

33. 3D Contours • Surface layer created

34. Dynamic 3D Views • Perspective angle in 3D Scene set at 60°

35. Loading Extensions (3D Analyst) • Tools, Extensions… • Choose the 3D Analyst Extension

36. 3D Scenes • A 3D scene is a three-dimensional viewing environment for spatial data.

37. Draping features to a 3D Model • Raster Images • Vector Features

38. Extruding Features • Based on 3D field • Buildings extruded from height or number of floors

39. Navigating Scenes • Set Observers and Targets • Flythrough

40. ArcGlobe • Fast Viewing of Large 3D Datasets

41. Other 3D Examples Analyzing Visibility • Locations from which observers can see • Red part of the line is a gap in the line of sight

42. Other 3D Examples • Steepest-path analysis • Flow of liquid from a certain point

43. Other 3D Examples • 3D Representation of Land Value Totals by Tax Map Grid, Concord, North Carolina, USA

44. Other 3D Examples • North Macadam Development Concept—Floor Area Ratio Massing Study, City of Portland Bureau of Planning • Results of the massing model were used to generate a series of three-dimensional perspectives from adjacent neighborhoods and scenic points to help illustrate what the district's build-out form could look like. In addition, a regional elevation model was used to assess the impact of development on the visibility of important landscape features. This information was used to help the city, property owners, and the public understand what would be allowed under the proposed plan.

45. Advanced Visualization Tools • Helps view, project, analyze, and understand potential alternatives and impacts via visual exploration and alternative scenarios • Experiments with hypothetical scenarios, challenge assumptions on the fly • Encourages participation and collaboration by engaging users and public audiences via visualization and interactive participation.

46. Community VIZ • Community VIZ http://www.communityviz.com

47. Criterion Planners • INDEX http://www.crit.com

48. TerraSim, Inc. • CMU Spin-off • TerraTools • 3D GIS Visualization Software • http://www.terrasim.com/ • One Gateway Center, Suite 2050420 Fort Duquesne Blvd.Pittsburgh, PA 15222 • (412) 232-3646(412) 232-3649 FAX

49. Schenley Park

50. Parametric Bridge Models