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Evaluating Desalination Disposal Options for the San Antonio Water System (SAWS)

This presentation outlines the San Antonio Water System (SAWS) desalination program, focusing on the various disposal options available for brine and concentrate generated by the reverse osmosis treatment process. Key topics include traditional methods, such as surface water discharge and deep well injection, as well as innovative solutions like beneficial use practices and zero liquid discharge. The presentation highlights preferred disposal techniques, lessons learned, regulatory concerns, and the future direction of the SAWS program to manage concentrate effectively and sustainably.

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Evaluating Desalination Disposal Options for the San Antonio Water System (SAWS)

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Presentation Outline • SAWS Desalination Program • Disposal Options Screening • Preferred Disposal Option • Injection Wells • Lessons Learned • Future

  2. SAWS Desalination Program • Production / Monitor Wells • Reverse Osmosis • Treatment Plant • Pipeline System • Brine Injection Wells • Electrical System

  3. Concentrate Quality

  4. Concentrate Screening • Traditional Disposal Options • Beneficial Use Options • Concentrate Volume Reduction / Zero Liquid Discharge

  5. Disposal Options Traditional Surface Water • Medina River • San Antonio River • Concerns • Permitting • Public Perception

  6. Disposal Options Traditional Surface Water • Mitchell Lake • Concerns • Limited Capacity • Salinity Impacts • Audubon Sanctuary Mitchell Lake

  7. Disposal Options Traditional Discharge to WRC • Through plant • Combine at outfall • Concerns • Biologic process impact • CPS Energy contract Impact Dos Rios WRC

  8. Disposal Options Traditional Evaporation Ponds • Concerns • Land requirements • Cost to construct • Carrizo Outcrop Courtesy: Ile de Re’, France

  9. Disposal Options Traditional Deep Well Injection • Concerns • Permitting • Depth and cost • Maintenance

  10. Disposal Options Beneficial Use Oil Field Pressure Maintenance • Concerns • Well Field proximity • Volume (1MGD) • Need for project life • Railroad Commission and TCEQ permits

  11. Disposal Options Beneficial Use Class II Oil Field Disposal Wells • Concerns • Currently not legal • Well Field proximity • Construction • Maintenance • Volume

  12. Disposal Options Beneficial Use Dust Control / Deicing Aquaculture • Shrimp farming • Algae farming • Concerns • Additional Facilities • Permitting Courtesy: Wikipedia

  13. Disposal Options Concentrate Volume Reduction • Thermal Brine Concentrators • High Efficiency Reverse Osmosis (HERO) • Vibratory Shear Enhanced Processing (VSEP)

  14. Disposal Options Vibratory Shear Enhanced Processing (VSEP) • VSEP testing under TWDB grant • Processed concentrate from conventional pilot • Achieved a 50% recovery • Concerns • Capital and O&M costs • Chemical cleaning time requirements • Space requirements in the plant

  15. Preferred Disposal Option Deep Well Injection Formations Considered • Poth Sand • Olmos Sand • Austin Chalk • Edwards

  16. Lessons Learned Concentrate Disposal • Start as early as possible • Understand source water quality • Contact TCEQ for assistance • Understand the effects of concentrate on the overall disposal system

  17. Complete Edwards Injection Investigation Test existing Class II Injection Well Drill new Class I Test Injection Well Submit permit application for operation Follow technical developments of other disposal alternatives SAWS Future Disposal Work

  18. Continue to support use of the General Class I permit for injection of brine from a municipal desalination facility Investigate the use of existing Class II Injection Wells for disposal of brine Continue to support research and piloting of new concentrate disposal technology Long-Range Outlook

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