1 / 22

Key Milestones of Washington's Presidency: Foundations of U.S. Government (1788-1797)

This overview highlights the key elements and challenges of George Washington's presidency from 1788 to 1797. It covers significant events such as Washington's unanimous election, the establishment of the federal court system, and the roles of prominent figures like Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson. It also addresses critical issues, including the national debt, foreign relations, and the debate over constitutional interpretations. Key actions like the implementation of Hamilton's financial plan and responses to rebellion are discussed, showcasing the formative years of the United States.

ura
Télécharger la présentation

Key Milestones of Washington's Presidency: Foundations of U.S. Government (1788-1797)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The New Republic Washington – Jefferson

  2. Essential Standards:

  3. In the beginning… • 1788 – Washington unanimously elected president. Two terms 1788-1797. VIDEO • Washington inaugurated in Philadelphia, Penn. • Capital moved to NYC [Center of $ and Trade] • First Administration installed: • Judiciary Act of 1789 • John Jay, First Supreme Court Justice • 6 Fellow Judges • System of Federal Courts [13 for the 13 states]

  4. Presidential Cabinet

  5. Judiciary Act of 1789 • Established the Federal Court system • Made the Supreme Court the highest court in the U.S. • “Federal Law is Supreme” • President George Washington appointed John Jay the 1st Chief Justice

  6. John Jay • First Chief Justice(1789-95) • Federalist • Sent to England in 1794-5 and negotiated Jay’s Treaty • Resigned from the court in 1795 to become governor of New York

  7. Alexander Hamilton • Washington’s Treasury Secretary • Federalist Party • Wanted to build a financially strong and independent US, especially for US industry and business

  8. Thomas Jefferson • Washington’s Secretary of State • Democratic-Republican Party • Wanted to protect states’ rights, US-French relations • Resigned in 1793

  9. Henry Knox • Washington’s Secretary of War • Famous hero of the Revolutionary War • Ft. Knox (in Kentucky) is named after him: Forts are used in WAR • Died from swallowing a chicken bone

  10. Edmund Randolph • Washington’s Attorney General • Later became Secretary of State after Jefferson’s resignation, but had to resign himself in 1795 after a scandal where he had been providing insider advice to the French government on how to deal with Pres. Washington

  11. Issues to face… • National Debt = $52 Million • No Navy • No Army • British to the North • Spanish and Indians to the South and West

  12. Hamilton’s Plan of Action • Create a National Bank • National Debt- • Debt from AOC • Assume state debts • Combine and sell in the stock market… • Tariffs • Tax on imported goods • National Taxes • Reminiscent of British Taxes = No Bueno!

  13. Debating the issues of the plan • Video: Hamilton v. Jefferson • Whiskey Rebellion • Local tax on western Penn. distilleries. • Locals start uprisings and attacking tax collectors • Washington calls on Militia and they end the issues • Important why? • It set the tone that little rebellions would no longer be tolerated and would be dealt with severely. “These ‘Democratic Societies’ [are] attempting to destroy the best fabric of human government and happiness…” - George Washington

  14. Hamilton vs. Jefferson -Madison • The issue of Constitutional Interpretations • Loose Interpretation: • Implied Powers • General Welfare of all • Strict Interpretation: • Explicit Powers • Sectional & Marginal influence • A clear separation in ideals and platforms… • A compromise on the Capital’s location seals deal. • The Hamilton’s Plan Video

  15. Parties Emerge:

  16. Meanwhile… In the West… • Ohio Valley • Round One: Little Turtle vs. St. Clair 1791 • Washington sends General St. Clair… • Lost… badly. • Round Two: Battle of Fallen Timbers 1794 • Anthony Wayne vs. Indian Confederation • Wayne Wins • Treaty of Greenville • Opened Northwest Territory to peaceful settlement

  17. The French Revolution • July 14th, 1789 Revolution begins • Quickly turns violent and bloody • France turns to U.S. for aid by sending Edmond Genet. • Washington refuses because the Revolution is too violent and the US is not in a place financially or otherwise to get into War. • Video

  18. France vs. Britain: 1793 • Important because of the effects on US Citizens. • France • Set out to enlist soldiers against Washington's orders to stay out of the conflict. • England • Impressment: Boarding a ship and commanding those on board to serve in your army. • Jay’s Treaty: 1794 • England would release remaining American Forts • US would repay pre-war debts • British keep restrictions on US trade ships in the Atlantic

  19. The Spanish in America • Thomas Pinckney- Ambassador to Spain • Pinckney's Treaty 1795 • Allowed US access to Mississippi River for trading. • Unblocked barricades to New Orleans

  20. Washington walks away… • Precedents [President] • Neutrality in Foreign Affairs • 2-term Presidency • Use of Force To Enforce The Law (Whiskey Rebellion) • Calling the Cabinet to Offer Advice • How to address the President (he came up with the title President.) • First to be inaugurated “So help me God” • First to make inauguration speech

More Related