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Syntax Word patterns

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urit
57 diapositives · 1K Views · Sep 29, 2014

Syntax Word patterns. Post & post-. Post haste Post hoc “Post the Geneva meeting of Opec the OECD reckons that its 24 member countries…”. postpartum Postmodern Postposition post-apartheid Post-game. Post & post-. S. AvpP. NP. NP. NP. VP. Adv. Det. N. N. Aux. V.

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  1. SyntaxWord patterns English 306A; Harris

  2. Post & post- • Post haste • Post hoc • “Post the Geneva meeting of Opec the OECD reckons that its 24 member countries…” • postpartum • Postmodern • Postposition • post-apartheid • Post-game English 306A; Harris

  3. Post & post- S AvpP NP NP NP VP Adv Det N N Aux V Post the election Frink was depressed English 306A; Harris

  4. Post & post- S A NP VP NP Af N AP NP postpartum N V A N Marge has postpartum depression English 306A; Harris

  5. Post & post- Adv A Af N post postpartum English 306A; Harris

  6. Arguments and roles • Argument: a phrase governed by a predicate (verb). • Grammatical role: the grammatical job arguments assume. • Semantic role: the conceptual job arguments assume. Semasiological (concern form) Onomasiological (concern meaning) English 306A; Harris

  7. Linear SequenceEnglish basic sentence patterns (p.89) • V1 • V2 • V3 • VCOP • VCOMP • VT-COMP Intransitive Transitive Ditransitive Copulative Complement Transitive-complement 1 argument 2 arguments 3 arguments 2 arguments (1= complement) 2 argument (1=complement) 3 arguments(1=complement) English 306A; Harris

  8. Sentences • Homer preens. • Homer loves his blanket. • Homer eats. • Homer eats crap. • The fat bald guy eats crap. • The fat bald guy eats vast quantities of artery-hardening crap. • The fat bald guy throws the dog a bone. English 306A; Harris

  9. Verbs • Homer preens. • Homer loves his blanket. • Homer eats. • Homer eats crap. • The fat bald guy eats crap. • The fat bald guy eats vast quantities of artery-hardening crap. • The fat bald guy throws the dog a bone . English 306A; Harris

  10. Arguments V1 • Homer preens. • Homer loves his blanket. • Homer eats. • Homer eats crap. • The fat bald guy eats crap. • The fat bald guy eats vast quantities of artery-hardening crap. • The fat bald guy throws the doga bone. V2 V1 V2 V2 V2 V3 English 306A; Harris

  11. Sentences • Homer is sexy. • Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy. • Homer is in the kitchen. • Homer goes to the bar. • The collar belongs to Santa’s Little Helper. • Marge bakes a cake for Maggie. • Bart throws a bone to the dog English 306A; Harris

  12. Verbs • Homer is sexy. • Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy. • Homer is in the kitchen. • Homer goes to the bar. • The collar belongs to Santa’s Little Helper. • Marge bakes a cake for Maggie. • Bart throws a bone to the dog. English 306A; Harris

  13. Arguments VCOP • Homer is sexy. • Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy. • Homer is in the kitchen. • Homer goes to the bar. • The collar belongs to Santa’s Little Helper. • Marge bakes a cake for Maggie. • Bart throws a bone to the dog. VCOP VCOP VCOMP VCOMP VT-COMP VT-C0MP English 306A; Harris

  14. Semantic roles Patient Essive • Homer is sexy. • Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy. • Homer is in the kitchen. • Homer goes to the bar. • The collar belongs to Santa’s Little Helper. • Marge bakes a cake for Maggie. • Bart throws a bone to the dog. Patient Essive English 306A; Harris

  15. Semantic roles Patient Essive • Homer is sexy. • Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy. • Homer is in the kitchen. • Homer goes to the bar. • The collar belongs to Santa’s Little Helper. • Marge bakes a cake for Maggie. • Bart throws a bone to the dog. Patient Essive Patient Essive English 306A; Harris

  16. Semantic roles Patient Essive • Homer is sexy. • Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy. • Homer is in the kitchen. • Homer goes to the bar. • The collar belongs to Santa’s Little Helper. • Marge bakes a cake for Maggie. • Bart throws a bone to the dog. Patient Essive Patient Essive Agent Location English 306A; Harris

  17. Semantic roles Patient Essive • Homer is sexy. • Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy. • Homer is in the kitchen. • Homer goes to the bar. • The collar belongs to Santa’s Little Helper. • Marge bakes a cake for Maggie. • Bart throws a bone to the dog. Patient Essive Patient Essive Agent Location Patient Possessor English 306A; Harris

  18. Semantic roles Patient Essive • Homer is sexy. • Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy. • Homer is in the kitchen. • Homer goes to the bar. • The collar belongs to Santa’s Little Helper. • Marge bakes a cake for Maggie. • Bart throws a bone to the dog. Patient Essive Patient Essive Agent Location Patient Possessor Agent Patient Recipient English 306A; Harris

  19. Semantic roles Patient Essive • Homer is sexy. • Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy. • Homer is in the kitchen. • Homer goes to the bar. • The collar belongs to Santa’s Little Helper. • Marge bakes a cake for Maggie. • Bart throws a bone to the dog. Patient Essive Patient Essive Agent Location Patient Possessor Agent Patient Recipient Agent Patient Recipient English 306A; Harris

  20. Semantic Roles English 306A; Harris

  21. Simplex Complex Event schemata Being Happening Doing Experiencing Having Moving Transferring English 306A; Harris

  22. Semantic Roles English 306A; Harris

  23. Simplex event schemata Subject NP ≈ Patient Complement ≈ Essive • Being • Happening • Doing • Experiencing • Having • E.g.s • Homer is large. • Homer is a safety inspector. • Homer is in the shower. Subjects Complements Patients Essives English 306A; Harris

  24. Simplex event schemata • Subject NP ≈ Patient • E.g.s • Homer fell asleep. • Homer ages. • Homer stumbled. • Being • Happening • Doing • Experiencing • Having Subjects Patients English 306A; Harris

  25. Simplex event schemata • Subject NP ≈ Agent • E.g.s • Homer eats. • Homer yells. • Being • Happening • Doing • Experiencing • Having Subjects Agents English 306A; Harris

  26. Simplex event schemata • Subject NP ≈ Agent • (Object NP ≈ Patient) • E.g.s • Homer eats. • Homer yells. • Homer catches Bart. • Homer blamed Marge. • Being • Happening • Doing • Experiencing • Having Subjects Objects Agents Patients English 306A; Harris

  27. Simplex event schemata • Subject NP ≈ Experiencer • (Object NP ≈ Patient) • E.g.s • Homer laments. • Homer loathes Flanders. • Homer saw Chief Wiggum. • Being • Happening • Doing • Experiencing • Having English 306A; Harris

  28. Simplex event schemata • Subject NP ≈ Experiencer • (Object NP ≈ Patient) • E.g.s • Homer laments. • Homer loathes Flanders. • Homer saw Chief Wiggum. • Being • Happening • Doing • Experiencing • Having • (Contrast: Homer watched Chief Wiggum.) Subjects Objects Experiencer Patients English 306A; Harris

  29. Simplex event schemata • Subject NP ≈ Possessor • Object NP ≈ Patient • E.g.s • Homer has three kids. • Homer has a keen sense of smell. • Homer has chicken pox. • Homer owns a dog. • Homer possesses a hatbox. • Being • Happening • Doing • Experiencing • Having Subjects Objects Possessors Patients English 306A; Harris

  30. Complex event schemata Simplex occurrence (Happening, Having, or Doing) with explicit reference to motion. Start = Source End = Goal Route = Path • Moving • Transferring English 306A; Harris

  31. Complex event schemata Simplex occurrence (Happening, Having, or Doing) with explicit reference to motion. Happening + Source/Path/Goal Doing + Source/Path/Goal • Moving • Transferring English 306A; Harris

  32. Complex event schemata Happening + Source/Path/Goal Subj NP ≈ Patient Complements ≈ Source, Path, Goal • Moving • Transferring English 306A; Harris

  33. Complex event schemata • Happening + Source/Path/Goal • E.g.s • Homer stumbled home. • Homer stumbled homefromApu’s. • Homer stumbled home, downthe sidewalkfromApu’s. • Moving • Transferring English 306A; Harris

  34. Complex event schemata • Happening + Source/Path/Goal • Moving • Transferring Homer stumbled home, downthe sidewalkfromApu’s. Patient Goal Path Source English 306A; Harris

  35. Complex event schemata • Doing + Source/Path/Goal • E.g.s • Homer climbed outofthe window. • Homer climbed upMount Splashmorefrombase camptothe summit. • Homer ran screaming acrossthe back yardtoFlander’s. • Moving • Transferring English 306A; Harris

  36. Complex event schemata • Doing + Source/Path/Goal • Moving • Transferring • Homer ran screaming acrossthe back yardtoFlander’s. Goal Agent Path English 306A; Harris

  37. Complex event schemata Happening Having Moving Doing • Moving • Transferring + English 306A; Harris

  38. Complex event schemata Happening Having Moving Doing • Moving • Transferring + A complex schema already English 306A; Harris

  39. Complex event schemata Happening Having Moving Doing • Moving • Transferring + A complex schema already Happening or Doing+ Source/Path/Goal English 306A; Harris

  40. Complex event schemata • Happening • Having Moving • Doing • E.g. • Homer dropped the ball on his foot. • Homer won $1.76 from the Springfield Lottery Corporation. • Moving • Transferring English 306A; Harris

  41. Complex event schemata • Happening • Having Moving • Doing • E.g. • Homer dropped the ball on his foot. • Moving • Transferring Happening: Patient Patient Patient Moving: Source Patient Goal Happening: Patient Patient Patient English 306A; Harris

  42. Complex event schemata • Happening • Having Moving • Doing • E.g.s • Homer sold the dog. • Homer sold the dog to Moe. • Homer bought the dog from Moe. • Homer bought the dog from a puppy mill in Halton. • Moving • Transferring + English 306A; Harris

  43. Complex event schemata • Happening • Having Moving • Doing • E.g. • Homer sold the dog. • Moving • Transferring + English 306A; Harris

  44. Complex event schemata • Happening • Having Moving • Doing • E.g. • Homer sold the dog. • Moving • Transferring + Having: It’s about possession, Moving: but the possession ‘moves’. It leaves Homer (transfers from him). Doing: Homer actively causes the transfer. English 306A; Harris

  45. Complex event schemata • Happening • Having Moving • Doing • E.g. • Homer sold the dog. • Moving • Transferring + Having: Possessor Patient Moving: Source Patient Doing: Agent Patient English 306A; Harris

  46. Complex event schemata • Happening • Having Moving • Doing • E.g. • Homer sold the dog to Moe. • Moving • Transferring + English 306A; Harris

  47. Complex event schemata • Happening • Having Moving • Doing • E.g. • Homer sold the dog to Moe. • Moving • Transferring + Having: It’s about possession, Moving: but the possession ‘moves’. It transfers from Homer to Moe. Doing: Homer actively causes the transfer. English 306A; Harris

  48. Complex event schemata • Happening • Having Moving • Doing • E.g.s • Homer threw the dog a bone. • Homer mailed Marge a letter. • Moving • Transferring English 306A; Harris

  49. Complex event schemata • Happening • Having Moving • Doing • E.g. • Homer threw the dog a bone. • Moving • Transferring Doing: Agent Receiver Patient Moving: Source Goal Patient Doing: Agent Receiver Patient English 306A; Harris

  50. Arguments and “voice” Doing schema Active voice Argument1 V2 Argument2 Maggie bandages the cat. English 306A; Harris