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Major Events in Early U.S. History: Rebellions, Foreign Policy, and Constitutional Challenges

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13 diapositives · 268 Views · Jul 19, 2014

This overview highlights significant events in early U.S. history, including Shay's Rebellion led by farmers protesting war debts and taxes, the establishment of the federal judiciary through the Judiciary Act of 1789, and the implications of the Bill of Rights. It covers President Washington's Neutrality Proclamation amidst conflicts between France and Great Britain, the Whisky Rebellion's challenges to federal authority, the XYZ Affair that led to the creation of a naval department, the Alien and Sedition Acts, and the consequential Election of 1800. Key events also include the Louisiana Purchase and the Embargo Act of 1807.

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  1. Important Events

  2. Shay’s Rebellion • Farmer rebellion • Shay – leader • War debt and taxes

  3. Judiciary act of 1789 • Set up national court system (made of circuit court, district court, and the Supreme Court) • Now federal laws can be enforced at the state level • Federal judiciary power was superior to the states

  4. Bill of rights • First 10 amendments of the Constitution • Protects civil rights and liberties

  5. President Washington's proclamation of neutrality • 1793 • War between France and Great Britain • US was allied with France (Treaty of Alliance) • US did NOT participate in war • NEUTRAL

  6. Whisky rebellion 1794 • Tax on whiskey • Farmers in W. Pennsylvania thought the tax was unfair and refused to pay • Riots • Federal governments sent militia to stop the riot • ***First time Federal government used its force in order to make sure it’s laws were being passed down

  7. President Washington’s Farewell Address 1796 • Washington retired 1797 • Letter: stated how the country should run • No more treaties or agreements with other countries • No foreign wars • Political parties should get along better

  8. Creation of the navy department 1797 • Tensions between France and US • French were seizing ships • Negotiations were planned but France was upset by anti-French remarks made by John Adams • France demanded that Adams apologize and bribe the US of $250,000 (XYZ affair) • The American government was upset and created a Naval dept.

  9. Alien and sedition acts • 1798 • 4 laws by the Democratic-Republican party • Alien Act- increased the number of years required to live in US before become US citizen from 5 to 14 yeasr • Sedition Act: illegal for US citizens to say or write remarks about the gvmnt. • Jefferson and Madison protested • Issue between state and national power (Some states declared these acts null and void, Federalists did not agree, only Supreme court can declare a law unconstitutional)

  10. Election of 1800 • Before, President was elected by the most electoral votes and vice president was the second most votes • 1800: Jefferson and Burr had the same amount of votes, Adams was last • The House of Rep, did not want Jefferson to be elected, however, in the end, they had Jefferson be the President • Separated vote from President and Vice President

  11. Marbury vs. Madison

  12. Louisiana Purchase 1803 • US acquired Louisiana Purchase from France • Doubled the size of the US • Doubts on legality (Constitution had no specifics if president could legally purchase territory) • Jefferson “for the nations best interest”

  13. Embargo Act 1807 • Prohibited American exports to all foreign ports • Method to stay away from the war between Great Britain and France • Hurt American business, later lifted the act to allow exports everywhere except the two countries