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Learn how climate is influenced by latitude through direct and indirect sunlight, categorized into Low, Middle, and High latitudes, with insights on temperature variations based on elevation.
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The Latitudes • Generalizations can be made about climate based on latitude. • This is because it is based on the latitude area which also determines the amount of direct and indirect sunlight.
Direct Sunlight • The highest northern point that Direct Sunlight hits is the Tropic of Cancer • The lowest southern point that Direct Sunlight hits is the Tropic of Capricorn • Anything above or below these points do NOT receive direct sunlight.
Low Latitudes • This is the area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn • The low latitudes receive direct sunlight ALL YEAR. • These places generally have very hot climates. (Tropics)
Middle Latitudes • The area between the Arctic Circle (66 ½ degrees N) and the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere are the North Middle Latitudes. • The area between the Antarctic Circle (66 ½ degrees S) and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere are the South Middle Latitudes.
Middle latitudes • No direct sun rays at anytime. • These areas receive cold air masses in the winter and warm air masses in the summer. • These areas have a Temperate Climate. (meaning has the greatest variance, or change from one season to the next) • We have this type of climate.
High Latitudes • The area between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole is the North High Latitudes. • The area between the Antarctic Circle and the South Pole is the South High Latitudes.
High Latitudes • They receive slanted (non-direct) rays the entire year and are usually cold. • Still receive daylight just not Direct sunlight
Polar Sunlight/Midnight Sun • When the North Pole is pointed toward the sun it receives constant sunlight. (Just not direct sunlight) • It’s daylight 24 hours a day (Midnight Sun)
Polar Sunlight/Midnight Sun • This is from the Arctic Circle and above. • It starts on about June 21st • During this time the South Pole is in a state of constant darkness.
Polar Sunlight/Midnight Sun • On December 22nd the South Pole starts to receive constant sunlight. • This is from the Antarctic Circle and below. • During this time the North Pole is constantly dark
Elevation: • When a place has a high elevation (meaning from sea level) this can alter the “generalization” of the climate. • On average for every 1,000 ft. you go up the temperature gets about 3-4 degrees cooler. • Areas in the tropics that have high elevations will still be cold.
Elevation Calculations Mount Global Studies • Base Mountain Temp = 71 degrees • Mountain Height = 12,875 • Degrees colder/1000 ft = 4 • What is the temperature at the top of the mountain?
Elevation Calculations Mount SlippySlappy • Base Mountain Temp = 7 degrees • Mountain Height = 5,611 • Degrees colder/1000 ft = 3 • What is the temperature at the top of the mountain?
Elevation Calculations Mount Malecki • Base Mountain Temp = -26 degrees • Mountain Height = 34,550 • Degrees colder/1000 ft = 3.5 • What is the temperature at the top of the mountain?
Elevation Calculations The Awesome Mountains • Base Mountain Temp = 1 degrees • Mountain Height = 401,520 • Degrees colder/1000 ft = 3 • What is the temperature at the top of the mountain?
