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MCDST 70-271: Supporting Users and Troubleshooting a Microsoft Windows XP Operating System

MCDST 70-271: Supporting Users and Troubleshooting a Microsoft Windows XP Operating System. Chapter 8: Troubleshooting Storage Devices and Display Devices. Objectives. Work with Windows XP storage devices Understand removable media Troubleshoot storage devices Work with display devices

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MCDST 70-271: Supporting Users and Troubleshooting a Microsoft Windows XP Operating System

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  1. MCDST 70-271: Supporting Users and Troubleshooting a Microsoft Windows XP Operating System Chapter 8: Troubleshooting Storage Devices and Display Devices

  2. Objectives • Work with Windows XP storage devices • Understand removable media • Troubleshoot storage devices • Work with display devices • Troubleshoot display devices Guide to MCDST 70-271

  3. Windows XP Storage Devices • Windows XP supports: • Basic and dynamic storage • Large disk volumes • Fault-tolerant drive configurations • Secure access controls Guide to MCDST 70-271

  4. Types of Storage • Basic storage • Centers on partitioning a physical disk • Dynamic storage • Not based on partitions but on volumes • Allows for more flexibility in drive configurations • Allows for drive changes with fewer calls to restart the machine • Offers better support for system recovery Guide to MCDST 70-271

  5. Types of Storage (continued) Guide to MCDST 70-271

  6. Types of Storage (continued) Guide to MCDST 70-271

  7. Basic Storage • The traditional, industry-standard method of dividing a hard drive into partitions • Partition • A logical division of the physical space on a hard drive • Primary partition • Division of a hard drive that can be marked active • Extended partition • Division of a hard drive that can be subdivided into additional divisions or drives Guide to MCDST 70-271

  8. Volume Sets • In basic storage • Volumes or volume sets are 2 to 32 partitions combined into a single logical structure • Volume set • Represented in the operating system by a single drive letter • Provides no fault tolerance Guide to MCDST 70-271

  9. Disk Configurations • RAID configurations • Combine two or more hard drives into a single accessible volume • Windows XP • Can take control of drive configurations from previous operating systems Guide to MCDST 70-271

  10. Storage Partitions • Windows XP • Can be installed only onto basic storage partitions • System partition • The active partition on which the boot files are stored • Boot partition • Hosts the main Windows XP operating system and support files • Is the initial default location for the paging file Guide to MCDST 70-271

  11. Dynamic Storage • Does not use partitions • Views an entire physical hard drive as a single entity • Allows for more flexibility in drive configurations • Allows for drive changes with fewer restarts • Offers better support for system recovery Guide to MCDST 70-271

  12. Drive Configurations • Simple volume • All or part of a single drive • Spanned volume • Volume configuration of two or more parts of one or more drives • Striped volume • Two or more volumes (up to 32) of one or more drives Guide to MCDST 70-271

  13. Drive Configurations (continued) • FTONLINE tool • Saves data from inaccessible drive structures • Temporarily mounts failed drive structure to the drive letter • Designed as a short-term recovery tool Guide to MCDST 70-271

  14. Disk Management Actions • Features of the All Tasks submenu of the Action menu • Change Drive Letter and Paths • Convert to Basic Disk • Convert to Dynamic Disk • Delete Partition (or Delete Logical Drive) • Explore Guide to MCDST 70-271

  15. The Properties Dialog Boxes • General tab • Displays details about drive’s model, device type, manufacturer, location in drive chain, and status • Policies tab • Used to configure the right caching and safe removal settings for device • Volumes tab • Displays additional details about the device • Driver tab • Displays details about the device driver used by the drive Guide to MCDST 70-271

  16. The Properties Dialog Boxes (continued) Guide to MCDST 70-271

  17. The Properties Dialog Boxes (continued) Guide to MCDST 70-271

  18. The Properties Dialog Box for Partitions or Volumes • General tab displays: • Label • Type • File system • Used space • Free space • Capacity Guide to MCDST 70-271

  19. The Properties Dialog Box for Partitions or Volumes (continued) • The Tools tab offers access to: • Error-checking • Defragmentation • Backup Guide to MCDST 70-271

  20. The Properties Dialog Box for Partitions or Volumes (continued) Guide to MCDST 70-271

  21. The Properties Dialog Box for Partitions or Volumes (continued) Guide to MCDST 70-271

  22. Accessing File System Resources • Windows XP • Uses drive letters to grant applications and user interface utilities access to file system resources • Drive letters A and B • Typically used for floppy disks • Drive letters C through Z • Used for local hard drives, CD-ROM drives, or mappings for network shares Guide to MCDST 70-271

  23. Accessing File System Resources (continued) • Mount point • An alternative to drive letters • Connects a FAT/FAT32 or NTFS volume to an empty directory on an NTFS volume • The gateway or doorway pointing to the root of another volume or partition Guide to MCDST 70-271

  24. Working with Removable Media • Windows XP supports the following categories of removable media: • CD-ROM drives • Floppies • Tape • Memory Guide to MCDST 70-271

  25. Troubleshooting Storage Devices • When a hard drive is malfunctioning • System may be unable to locate the active partition or the boot sector (MBR) • Error messages that result • Invalid partition table • Error loading operating system • Missing operating system Guide to MCDST 70-271

  26. Troubleshooting Storage Devices (continued) • Other problems that Disk Management may display: • Not Initialized error • Occurs when drive does not contain a valid disk signature in the MBR or a valid GUID in partition table • Online error • Occurs when I/O errors have been detected on the internal platters of the disk • Unreadable error • Occurs when disk is not accessible due to a physical or logical obstruction Guide to MCDST 70-271

  27. Setting up Display Devices • Display device • The visual output device for a computer system, including the video card and monitor • Display applet • Used to choose from a wide range of interface changes and preference settings • Tabs include • Themes, Desktop, Screen Saver, Appearance, and Settings Guide to MCDST 70-271

  28. Setting up Display Devices (continued) Guide to MCDST 70-271

  29. Troubleshooting Display Devices • Setting the screen resolution too high is most common cause of problems with display devices • Problem can be solved in the following ways: • Reset the display resolution to a lower density • Increase the DPI (dots per inch) • If you have made any changes to the display settings, reboot the system using Safe Mode Guide to MCDST 70-271

  30. Troubleshooting Display Devices (continued) Guide to MCDST 70-271

  31. Troubleshooting Display Devices (continued) Guide to MCDST 70-271

  32. Summary • Volume and partitions • Can be formatted with FAT, FAT32, or NTFS • Preexisting basic storage drive configurations • Can be managed by Windows XP • Disk Management snap-in • Used to perform all drive, partition, and volume-related functions Guide to MCDST 70-271

  33. Summary (continued) • All NTFS objects • Offer security, encryption, compression, and auditing • Windows XP • Supports a wide range of removable media • Troubleshooting storage devices • Involves using the FIXMBR and FIXBOOT commands from the Recovery Console • Display devices used by Windows • Include display adapter cards and monitors Guide to MCDST 70-271

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